Models of behavior in interpersonal communication. Models of behavior and tactics of business communication
Possession of a set of techniques for building interpersonal communication
with other people is the most important condition for the success of any modern person.
Many unconsciously develop their own psychological communication scheme.
and impact on people. But the skills developed in such an empirical way are not always
optimal, since the experience of an individual is somewhat limited, and the perception
imperfectly. There are also habitual behavioral errors that a person simply
are not recognized. Therefore, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with the following recommendations.
The first criterion for choosing a behavior model is
compliance of this behavior with the law established in society, the legal order.
The second criterion for choosing a behavior model is
moral. Despite the inclination of people to a subjective interpretation of morality, there are
generally accepted approaches to explaining its basic concepts, such as honesty, justice,
conscientiousness. Their unambiguous interpretation and steadfast observance is the guarantor of fidelity
a person's chosen behavior pattern.
The third criterion should be recognized as an assessment of a specific situation in which
a person acts or turned out to be by coincidence. Intuitive or speculative
assessment of the situation is the most important condition for optimizing the behavior model. How
practice shows that often the individuality of a person manifests itself against the background of others,
brighter natures, as he successfully proved himself in a particular situation (that is,
advantageously "looked", "obeyed", "remembered".
The fourth criterion is the goal that a person sets for himself.
The more significant your own goal, the more it stimulates him. Passion
the goal should not cause an underestimation of the importance of strict observance of the stages of movement
To her. It is useful to split the goal into sequentially built tasks so that their implementation
was a step towards it. Thus, it is built in detail
tangible logic to achieve the goal.
Fifth
criterion - self-critical assessment own capabilities use
specific pattern of behavior. Any copying of someone's style in communication is dangerous.
For example, in business communication the role of speech impromptu is great. The longer the pause between
a tricky question and a witty answer, even if the latter takes place, the less
"Points" gains the subject. This is the axiom of public dialogue. Or
another example: people with physical imperfections have a low sense of self-esteem.
This also affects the choice of their behavior model. sensibly carefully
weigh all your characteristics, choosing a personal behavioral role.
The sixth criterion for choosing a behavior model is
selection and specification of their own capabilities. Taking into account the emergency
importance of this, it is necessary to consider everything that concerns your ability to use
human technologies. First of all, those who have direct
relationship to communication. These technologies include: individual work with colleagues,
subordinates; No. designing No. of teams; stimulation of business ambition;
speech impact, etc.
Seventh
The criterion for choosing a behavior model is somewhat peculiar. Always up to date
the value of the psychological and gender characteristics of a person, that is, those personal and business
qualities that communication partners expect from a person interested in
their location. What is meant? In order not to destroy any illusions or existing
stereotypes and not to disappoint partners, it is recommended to show those personal and business
the qualities they expect to find in you. so, men appreciate the external in a woman
attractiveness and sexiness. Women, knowing such programming
male psychology, cannot but reckon with this. as, in turn, and men
we should not forget that the most attractive qualities in them are women
consider intellectual originality, masculinity and nobility.
table Character types Main features Expected attitude style The person who takes Assertive, Likes purposeful people. Wants people Analyst and researcher Cold-blooded, calm, acts alone, Likes people with clear goals, organized, Human character Sensitive, emotional, dependent on others. I like people who give detailed descriptions. Loves Conscientious Planner Very receptive, quickly learns everything. Critical appreciates,
The choice of one or another model of behavior in each specific situation is largely
The measure depends on the personality of the person with whom the person has to communicate.
In addition to the above criteria for typology and visual diagnostics of the partner's personality
on communication, several more approaches can be proposed for more accurate compilation
first impression of the interlocutor (see tables 6 and 7).
6
take responsibility
persistent, purposeful, energetic, organized. Interested in broad
range of issues, general trends. Leader Type
followed his ideas, plans and supported them
independent. Inquisitive, this type of researcher. Busy with compliance research
different things to each other. Evaluating and analyzing type of character
giving a complete picture. Impressed by people with an analytical mindset.
Interested in details. He knows people very well and is responsive. Busy getting things done
went smoothly. Often a type of follower or helper
cordiality, sensitivity, responsiveness
sensible or thinks he knows everything. Often self-confident, fair. Good
a sense of anticipation of what will happen, what turn things will take. Scheduler type
and organizer
when they agree with him and when his ideas are accepted. Likes to be organized
self-confident and self-confident people
table
7
Style of ethical behavior | Main features | What to Consider in a Relationship |
Absolute moralist | Absolutely honest and expects absolute honesty | count |
Moralist depending on the situation | Fits its ethical standards to the situation | Be |
pragmatic | Absolutely | Be careful when dealing with such a person. |
1. The very first and strongest impressions about a person depend
from appearance. Therefore, each of us should always have a neat appearance,
be slim, fit, with proper bearing (i.e. stand, walk straight,
without slouching, keep your shoulders deployed).
Follow
facial expression. In normal communication, it should not be threatening or haughty.
- it could become psychological barrier when talking to people.
2. Decisive for the formation of an impression about a person are
the first 4 minutes of communication with him. During this period, active
all your senses, with which we create a holistic view of
another person. By the end of the fourth minute it is already becoming in general terms clear
- people are nice to each other or vice versa, are disposed to mutual communication or
no. Probably, you could feel for yourself that the first impression of a person is sometimes
deceptively and at the same time quite stable, so that sometimes a long
time. for it to change
Consequently; for the first time
4 minutes of communication completely subordinate your behavior to the desired tone of communication.
3. Start the conversation only in a friendly tone, maintain a positive attitude
in communication.
An attitude in psychology means
a state of readiness or predisposition to act in a certain way.
Be polite and tactful, benevolent and helpful.
4. Do not forget that a kind of mimic sign of location is
smile. A smile is needed not only for others, but also for ourselves. She lifts the mood
and performance. As mood affects the mood of the face, and vice versa,
Facial expression contributes to the creation of the appropriate mood. Proved that
you can improve your mood by depicting fun, joy on your face. After all, mimic
Muscles are closely related to many brain structures. Artificially smiling, we turn on
those mechanisms that provide us with a natural smile.
5. Use the affirmative answer method.
Do not start a conversation by discussing those issues on which you disagree with the interlocutor
in opinions. As soon as a person says "no", his pride begins to
require him to remain consistent in his judgments.
Therefore, first ask questions that the interlocutor is likely to answer.
affirmatively. Make sure that the conversation continues along the path of "accumulation
consent. "A person does not like to change his mind. If he agreed with you at nine
cases from, then, most likely, he will agree in the tenth.
6. Be a good listener. Developed Ability listen suggests the following Show Don't be lazy to listen. To develop the ability 7. Avoid criticizing colleagues and other people; complain less; 8. Avoid unnecessary arguments, especially in the presence of a large number of If you're wrong, admit it categorically 9. Show genuine interest in other people. Pay attention to the keyword: "genuine". Here it means 10. Before Start a conversation about what your interlocutor is interested in. While this is of great importance 11. Pursuing 12. Respect other people's opinions. try Communication is facilitated by bridge phrases such as: "I 13. Remember and do not confuse the names of people. Human 14. Help people feel important. People who allow in communication an arrogant tone, rudeness, arrogance; ironic 16. Remember the enemies of communication - irritability and tactlessness. Irritability We often have to listen to critical remarks addressed to us. But long ago Criticism addressed to me is my personal reserve Objectively criticism is a form of help Criticism addressed to me is an indication of directions for improving the case that There is no such criticism from which it was impossible Any muting of criticism is harmful, Constructive (with an attitude to improve things) perception of critical remarks Business Perception of criticism Criticism in my address does Central The most valuable ability is to be able to find a rational grain in criticism even when Any The benefits of critical The first step in the correct perception of criticism They criticize me, so they believe in my If The most valuable criticism points to the real mistakes of someone who seems to be working. Criticism of the possible negative consequences of the adopted The ability to see the critical content in the questions being asked is your ability to Truly business behavior of a person involves the ability to identify a critical attitude 1. Be open to the interlocutor and accept him as he is. 2. Try to understand the meaning of the message as a whole. 3. Your attention should also be physical. Position yourself facing 4. 5. Observe non-verbal manifestations of a partner, 6. Be clear. Think about what you are saying. Choose carefully 7. Essentially, persistence boils down to the expression 8. Consider some features of communication with colleagues at work and the boss Coming to work, welcome If you're upset When you enter the boss's office, introduce yourself if the boss personally In In office table Senior - junior equal - equal Junior - senior orders, prescribes Informs, notifies, notifies Reporting, soliciting Requires, offers Asks for orders, advice Asks for petitions, asks for permission Requires for himself Requests Requests Allows, approves (document or proposal) Agree, don't mind asks for permission Forwards, sends (documents, materials) Sends (documents, materials) Performs with subsequent report. Presents
(For more information, see How to Listen Properly. Practical
recommendations (section 2)" :
- no side thoughts;
- focus on the essence of the subject; don't try to remember everything
- it is practically impossible;
- while you are listening, you can not think about the next question or answer;
- learn to find the most valuable material contained in the information you receive;
- identify which words and ideas excite your emotions and try to neutralize them
their action, since in a state of strong emotional arousal people usually
do not listen very carefully;
- when you listen, ask yourself: "What is the purpose of the speaker?";
- pay attention not only to words, but also to the timbre of the voice, facial expressions, gestures,
posture, etc.;
saying that you understand him; this can be done by repeating in your own words what
what you heard, or the meaning of what you were told;
- don't comment;
- do not give advice (while listening) estimates
and advice, even when well-meaning, usually limits
freedom of expression of the speaker, interfere with highlighting the most essential in words.
listen, you can use the following exercise. Daily for 10 minutes, completely
concentrated and disconnected from all other thoughts, listen to someone
(colleague, visitor, etc.), clarifying his message with his questions. Reception is simple
but it is extremely effective when used systematically.
of people. Instead of a verbal skirmish, you should calmly listen to the interlocutor and,
without being charged with his ardor, concentrate on finding ways to solve the problem.
Experience shows that trying to argue with the interlocutor does not give a positive result,
but it can be achieved with a reasonable compromise. Find out: what the interlocutor
wants? Perhaps he is not interested in the truth and he only wants to assert himself, arguing
with you.
form. This sets up the interlocutor in a friendly way.
the ability to express respect for the interests of others. Consider: the word "I"
is one of the most frequently used words in our language. be careful
to someone else's "I".
Before convincing a person of anything, try to understand his position.
has the first phrase.
something from a person, try to arouse in him the desire to do it.
Always remember - no one likes orders. Most people are suggestible and easy
is persuasive. The art of persuasion makes your communication as productive as possible
with those around you. Therefore, it is desirable to state the requirements in the following form: "Not
do you think that it is better to do so?", "I will be grateful to you if
you..." Feel free to appeal to feelings.
do not say directly that a person is wrong, by doing this you will only cause his inner
protest.
I am listening to you attentively", "That's understandable", etc.
will be very disposed to you if you remember his name.
or impolite remarks; expressions and remarks that offend human dignity;
threats, moralizing and unfair reproaches; undeserved accusations; threatening
gestures, as well as other expressions and actions that degrade a person, not only discredit
their organizations, but also make a gross psychological miscalculation. sincerely appreciate
and praise the virtues of the people. And there is always dignity in any person.
at least not good for you. First, it makes communication difficult, and you have to spend
more effort to achieve something. Secondly, it leads to a weakening of protective
body forces (reducing immunity). Realizing this, try to suppress the emerging
you are irritated. To do this, take a closer look, and you will see that the subject
it's not worth the annoyance. Rip vicious circle situation, bringing it down to normal
scale of ordinary difficulty.
it is known that criticism becomes useful only when the people to whom it
addressed, have certain attitudes towards its perception; they can be reduced to the following
provisions.
improvement.
criticized in the search for and elimination of shortcomings in the work.
I'm doing.
would benefit.
because it “drives the disease inside” and thus makes it difficult to overcome the deficiency.
cannot depend on what motives the critic was guided by (important,
so that the essence of the defect is correctly indicated).
the perception of criticism should not depend on who (what person, for what purposes)
makes critical remarks.
should not depend on the form in which it is presented; the main thing is to be
shortcomings are analyzed.
makes me stronger, because it allows me to see and eliminate what prevents me from achieving
success and what I myself could not pay attention to.
the principle of constructive perception - everything that I have done can be done better.
when it is not visible at first sight.
criticism requires reflection; at least - about what caused it, as a maximum
- about how to fix the situation.
comments is that, in their light, areas of work that are not affected
in discussion.
- its fixation; the second is its comprehension and identification of the possibility of using it for
Affairs; the third is the correction of a defect; fourth - the creation of conditions that exclude
its repetition
the ability to fix things and run smoothly.
there is no criticism addressed to me - this is an indicator of disregard for me as an employee.
OK.
I make decisions - a prerequisite for the timely prevention of failures.
employee and detection condition weaknesses in business organization.
to their actions and deeds even when there is no open criticism.
he is. This attitude towards the communication partner is based on the initial
respect for him and on your positive intentions, regardless of whether
whether you agree with him or not. This attitude, properly demonstrated,
disarms people, makes them express themselves more openly and honestly, and listen
more attentively. On the contrary, a negative attitude, suspicion or defensive
the position you take will only lead to closeness and make communication difficult. For
creating a favorable atmosphere of communication, this condition is decisive.
Since any message consists of both physical information and emotional
colored and other factors, try to evaluate it fully.
to your partner. Speak in such a way that postures, gestures and facial expressions reinforce your words.
Sit or stand at an optimal distance so that your partner feels
free, uninhibited. Do not forget that communication requires concentration (no matter -
you are speaking or listening).
Your participation in communication should be active and responsible. If you have anything
is not clear or you omitted part of the message, immediately include "reverse
connection". Indecision can play a negative role here.
that is, in addition to words, consider facial expression, look, posture, etc. Yes, and
in the speech itself there are indirect signs that help to correctly decipher the message:
voice tonality and its changes, volume, speech speed, etc.
words. The most intelligible and effective messages are those that do not contain biased
and superficial judgments.
Be persistent. Persistence does not mean aggressiveness, aplomb
and the forceful imposition of their opinions on others. About your feelings, thoughts or rights
you must communicate in a way that respects the feelings, thoughts and rights
others.
feelings and values and asserting rights before others.
(leader).
say hello to colleagues. If on the eve between you and someone there was some
tension, it is precisely such a short obligatory greeting that often helps to relieve
its painless for vanity.
try not to show it, don't get excited, don't irritate others.
does not know. Don't sit down until you've been given permission to sit down, and once you've received it, don't refuse.
From him. Don't take the lead in the conversation. Try to be brief, businesslike, calm,
don't get excited, don't get distracted, don't divert the conversation. But don't be shy
tell your opinion. Remember that in the details of the issue you are reporting
or discuss, you may be more knowledgeable than the boss, and therefore your
opinions and suggestions can be very helpful.
during the conversation, stay upright, loose, but do not fall apart, do not lean back
on the back of a chair, do not cross your legs, do not twist anything in your hands and do not support
head with his hands, leaning on the boss's desk.
conversations and in official correspondence of senior and junior, equal to each other in
official position and juniors with seniors should use forms of expressions,
indicated in table 8.
8
causes
to come, invites to come
to come, asks permission to come himself
(documents, materials)
D In order to successfully communicate with another person, it is not enough just to choose convenient time and place, you also need to build your behavior so as not to cause a negative reaction in the interlocutor to your actions. Most of people completely unconsciously develops their own line of behavior, but the difficulty is that it is not always correct and not good for every situation. Therefore, knowledge about basic models behaviors and under what circumstances they are best used are needed by all.
Of course, a benevolent interaction, devoid of any disputes and conflicts, would be ideal, but in reality this is not always realistic. There is a lot of literature on how to resolve conflicts, but in fact, you can quite successfully avoid any unpleasant situations. To do this, it is enough just to study the basic communication models and understand at what moments it is worth using them.
Model #1 - Fixture
The main task of a person who has chosen such a model of behavior is to establish calm and stability, even at the cost of recognizing his behavior as erroneous.
This model is ideal in situations where the subject of the conversation is not so important to you, and you can admit that you are wrong, while your opponent, due to his position, is not in the mood for it. It is also suitable if conservation is a priority for you. good relations than your own rightness, or when you understand that the outcome of your conversation is extremely important for the interlocutor.
Model #2 - Compromise
If both you and your interlocutor communicate on an equal footing, and when solving any issues, you have the same number of arguments in your favor.
By choosing this model of behavior, you seek to solve even the most difficult problems, even if this solution is temporary. Remember that it is the compromise that will help you save the relationship and return to the topic of interest to you later. Also this model relevant if you understand that you can change your mind more than once, and therefore it does not have a priority for you.
Model #3 - Collaboration
If you have a need for acceptance common solution, and all opinions about the problem are important, then this model will be a really ideal option.
Such behavior implies not just listening to the interlocutor's opinion, but also integrating them into one's own ideas, which in the end will allow you to get a much larger amount of information. Also, cooperation is necessary in order to fully experience the cohesion of the team. Of course, this model will suit you especially if you have enough time to discuss the situation, during which you can work on making a decision.
Pattern #4 - Ignore
People turn to such a model if there are any disagreements between them, but they are not so serious. Ignoring is also an ideal option if an adequate assessment of the circumstances requires time, during which it is quite possible to study all the nuances of the situation that has arisen.
You can also use it when the subject of the conversation distracts you from the main thing, or when you do not have the necessary authority to resolve the problem.
Model #5 - Rivalry
A suitable model for situations in which it is necessary to act quickly and decisively. It is especially relevant when you need to resolve any serious problem.
This model is also suitable when the result is very important to you, and you, in turn, have sufficient authority to make the decision that you consider optimal. In addition, this way of interacting is good in cases where you have no other choice and when there is nothing left to lose.
These are the most basic behaviors that people, even if unconsciously, use in Everyday life. You should not stick to the chosen line once - it will not be relevant for every problem. In order not to end up Negative consequences, it is better to try on yourself different models and then you will be able to come out of any situation with honor.
A person often has two masks, which he periodically changes. The first is his "I", what he really is. This is his true essence, with all the flaws and virtues. But besides this mask, there is at least one more - the one that a person puts on when he appears in public, the so-called "I-image". This mask reflects how a person wants to see himself, and how he wants to show others, in order to like it more, to match the environment. One of the most important steps to the formation of this image is the choice of image.
Image - image business man, which highlights valuable characteristics and traits that have an impact on others. The image is formed in the process of personal contacts of a person, as well as on the basis of the opinions that others express about him.
It has long been noticed that people are more supportive of the person to whom they feel sympathy and vice versa.
The acquisition of an image should not become an end in itself, but mastering it is an essential part of the personality's characteristics. The desire of people to cooperate with a person or company depends on the image.
Everything is important to create a good image: manner of speech, style of dress, office design. Most often, the image is the result of skillful orientation in a particular situation, the choice of the right models of behavior.
A behavior model is a set of signs (speech, behavior, gestures) that are aimed at creating a certain image. Behavior choice is the reproduction of behaviors that make a person attractive.
Model of behavior in business relations extremely important. Main criteria right choice models are:
- Moral impeccability
- Self-critical assessment of the ability to use a certain behavior model.
- Correct assessment of a particular situation.
To maintain a good image, you must follow Business Etiquette. In business relations, there is a kind of code of laws, which spells out the behavior of people during the performance of official duties. This set of laws includes five basic rules.
- Be punctual. Nobody likes being late. In addition, being late speaks of your incompetence, insecurity.
- Don't talk too much. You must keep the secrets of your firm. The same applies to the personal secrets of employees.
- Think not only about yourself, but also about others. It is impossible to conduct business without taking into account the wishes of partners. Often, the reasons for failures are manifestations of selfishness, the desire to harm competitors. Do not humiliate opponents, remember that you yourself can be in the place of the offended.
- Dress stylishly. Your clothes should show your taste, but you should not differ much from employees of your level.
- Speak and write correctly. Much in business relationships depends on the ability to speak. In order to succeed in business, you must learn the art of rhetoric. Diction and pronunciation are also important. Try not to use slang words and offensive expressions in your speech. Learn to listen to others and be able to show that you are interested in the topic of conversation.
Compliance with these simple rules can greatly affect your progress in career ladder. We have learned the rules of behavior on the street, in transport, in a restaurant, but for some reason many people lose sight of the simplest rules of behavior at work and do not adhere to generally accepted norms. Oddly enough, but these norms are an important detail in the sphere of business relations. It is known that many foreign companies pay large sums of money to train their employees in business behavior.
IN large organizations there are no unbalanced, uninhibited people. Feelings are highly valued in business relationships dignity, efficiency, composure, the ability to control emotions. Communicate here in a restrained manner, briefly and informatively.
In general, by their behavior, by the way they maintain relationships, one can judge their intellectual and professional abilities, as well as the status of the institution in which they work. Firms struggling to survive don't have time for the "luxury" of culture. These details reveal business style», corporate culture and etiquette.
In our time, when companies are fighting for each client, it is very important to have staff who can communicate, follow the rules of conduct and standards of decency. In order not to get confused in all the rules of the business world, it is worth creating your own model of behavior and setting your own rules, or successfully adapting to existing ones. One way or another, but without knowing the elementary rules of behavior and without your own model of behavior, your journey in the business world is unlikely to drag on for a long time.
A model of behavior is a whole value-normative complex of characteristic features of a person, which are examples of emotions, actions, points of view, actions and fundamental attitudes of an individual.
How and where does the behavior pattern manifest itself?
Have you noticed that some people are able to think, analyze and fearlessly defend their position, while their " opposites» rely solely on the effect of the crowd and acquire a clear passivity in making any decision? These are the models of human behavior in society.
We behave fundamentally differently in different situations. Someone can be strong in spirit, despotic and even aggressive, but with regard to any weaknesses, this same person immediately transforms into an addictive teenager who forgets about all his attitudes and principles when he sees a desired object.
There are also opposite examples - a passive and calm, at first glance, a woman can turn into a real ruthless beast, protecting her child. All this suggests one thing: behavior patterns are not a stable and constant function of a person, and can significantly change over the course of life and under the influence of certain situations.
Manifestations of the individual in conflict
In the psychological literature, there are several basic models of behavior in conflict. Each of them is leading general perception one person or another. How often have you noticed the requirement for applicants to be conflict-free when looking for a job? " Conflict-free' is a rather abstract concept. A person may have destructive communication tactics, but, for the time being, restrain himself in the situation he needs.
Psychological models of "stressful" behavior of people may depend on the type and cause of the conflict, its image, value. interpersonal relationships for a specific individual, the psychological and ethical properties of the participants in the quarrel.
Models of personality behavior give a specific setting for the plot, duration, dynamics and method of conflict resolution. Based on this, we can conclude that these features can also vary depending on the relationship of the opponents, their feelings for each other, the desire to settle the situation, or, on the contrary, “ignite” it even more.
So in conflict situation There are three main patterns of behavior:
- constructive;
- destructive;
- Conformist.
Productive construct
The best option for resolving any dispute. People who have a constructive model of behavior are not at all passive and not closed in on themselves. They are trying to find the "root of evil" and quickly neutralize it.
A person with such a position easily makes concessions if reconciliation is more important for him than proving his case. Even if he is 100% right, he will not put pressure on the interlocutor with his conclusions, he will carefully listen to him without interrupting, and analyze his position. He never regards his own point of view as the only true one.
Never trusts sources of information that are generally considered to be the ultimate truth. He is guided solely by the specifics in this conflict, tries to settle it by finding a compromise, and in the future not to return to the quarrel.
The constructive model is characterized by enviable restraint and self-control. A constructive person will never hurt his opponent, humiliate his dignity, point out his mistakes. She speaks extremely calmly, does not raise her tone, observes etiquette. Regardless of the ground of the conflict, "constructive" is distinguished by an extremely benevolent attitude towards his interlocutor, but does not reach forgiveness.
IN everyday communication representatives of this type friendly, laconic, concise and brief, often extroverts and altruists. Not participating in a quarrel, but being its observer from the outside, " constructive"Acts as a peacemaker, trying to extract a solution acceptable to both parties. Unfortunately, this model is less and less common in modern society.
Destructive destructor
The complete opposite of the first model of behavior in conflict. Representatives of this personality type strive for one goal - the constant expansion, strengthening and stabilization of the conflict situation. Them internal psychology aimed at belittling the partner by all convenient ways. Often this comes to open insults and an extremely negative assessment of the opponent's personality.
The inherent weakness of such people is the inability to keep themselves in society and stand up for themselves correctly. Proof of one's innocence often turns into obvious mockery of others, belittling their mental abilities, a position of distrust and suspicion in relation to rivals. And often this very suspicion is based on the actions of the “destructive” himself, which he is trying to convict and condemn in other people.
It is almost impossible to settle a dispute with such a representative; sometimes it seems that he gets remarkable euphoria from his kindling. Indeed, in everyday communication such people are called " energy vampires».
They calm down only when their "victim" becomes completely exhausted by a heated argument. As a rule, the outcome of the conflict does not lead to any constructive solution. Most often, quarrels are repeated over and over again, acquiring a bright expressive hue.
"Destructive" Often violates all norms of etiquette, can cruelly ridicule and obscenely scold an opponent. It is quite characteristic of him to "dissolve his hands". A destructive pattern of behavior can never be justified as it brings destructive aspects into a relationship.
Dangerous Conformity
No matter how strange it may seem, the most dangerous model of behavior in a conflict. If the “destructive" can be easily reassured by deliberately agreeing with his " the only true"opinion, then the "conformist" is able to turn even a loyal person into a "destructive".
Conformist behavior in a quarrel consists in an extreme degree of passivity and weakness. A person who has such feature, is inclined to avoid any acute issues and clarifications, without which it is almost impossible to find a compromise. He is characterized by an absolutely amorphous style of communication, constant " assenting" to the interlocutor, an escape from the analysis of the dispute.
At the same time, the “conformist” is completely inconsistent in his judgments, words, assessments and point of view. Today he can make concessions to you in order to avoid conflict, first of all, saving himself, and tomorrow he can rekindle it again, expressing a completely opposite point of view today.
"Conformists" easily agree with the opponent, and often it looks like they simply do not listen to him and ignore him. Representatives of this type often incite aggression in a partner, or become its main provocateurs.
Addictive behavior is a type destructive behavior, which causes significant harm to both the individual himself and his environment. Under addiction understand the desire to escape from reality by changing one's own consciousness. The tool for this often becomes alcohol, a drug or a psychotropic substance.
What are the psychological models of addictive destructive behavior?
- Calming - taking drugs or alcohol in order to become more cheerful, calmer and more sociable;
- Communicative - taking drugs and alcohol in order to improve communication skills in communication, friendship and love;
- Activating - bad habits become a source of strength, vivacity, confidence, courage and good mood;
- Manipulative - the use of psychoactive substances in order to demonstrate one's originality, uniqueness, exclusivity and superiority;
- Hedonistic - the use of surfactants and alcohol is due to the desire to relax physically, to achieve euphoria;
- Conformal - to be "like everyone else", keep up with the fashion for "drugs", imitate the drug addict idol;
- Compensatory - aimed at compensating for problems and feelings of inferiority.
Remember - all of the listed properties are not permanent, and are subject to your correction. If you want to change the world for the better, start with yourself! Practice self-control and self-discipline!