Nikolay Golovin's story my beautiful story

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Nikolai Nikolaevich Golovin

My first Russian story

in stories for children

Be afraid, children, laziness,

Like a bad habit.

And read a day

At least you are on the page.

How our grandfathers lived in the past centuries,

And a number of their deeds, hopes and concerns,

Campaigns, suffering, battles, victories -

Here everyone will read short stories.

Foreword

We have tried to adapt the history of the Russian land to children's understanding, starting from ancient times and ending with recent events. It is known how interested children are in stories about heroes and exploits. Russian history is rich in examples of heroic deeds and good undertakings. Instead of fairy tales, children in this book will meet interesting and instructive reality, examples of work, love for the motherland and selflessness, told as clearly and simply as possible and clarified by the attached pictures.

Let's hope tales of fame and good qualities the Russian people and its great leaders will be thrown into the children's souls the first impulses to work, the first seeds of love for their native land.

Our ancestors

For a long time, in the country where we now live, there were no rich cities, no stone houses, no large villages. There were only fields, but thick dark woods where wild animals lived.

On the banks of the rivers, far from each other, there were poor huts. Our ancestors lived in the huts - the Slavs, as the Russian people were then called.

The Slavs were a brave people. They fought a lot with their neighbors and often went hunting to kill wild animals that ran out of the forests and attacked people.

From the fur and skin of dead animals, the Slavs made themselves a warm dress for the winter. And in the summer, when it was warm, they wore clothes made of linen, in which it was light and not hot. When the Slavs did not fight and did not go hunting, they were engaged in some other business: they worked in the field, sowed bread, herded herds and fished in rivers and lakes.

The Slavs were very kind people, they treated their servants well and kindly. When some poor wanderer came to visit them, they kindly received him and treated him well.

Each family of Slavs, father, mother and children, lived in their own hut separately from other similar families. When the father had many big sons, and each son had his own wife and children, everyone, both children and grandchildren, lived with their parents and with their grandfather. It was very big family, and it was called a clan, or a tribe.

In each clan, all the younger ones obeyed their parents in everything, and they loved and respected their old grandfather more. They called him the elder and head of the clan.

The Slavs were pagans, that is, they believed that there were many gods. Some gods, thought the Slavs, are good gods and love people. Other gods are evil and do a lot of harm to a person. So, the good sun warmed and illuminated the earth, and the Slavs called it good god. The sun was also called Dazhdbog, because it gave people warmth and harvest.

Often in the summer, thunder rumbled in the sky, and lightning flashed. It was scary then for a person! And the Slavs thought that the angry god Perun was hiding behind the clouds, who was angry with people for something. The Slavs were very afraid of this god and made various sacrifices to him so that he would be kinder to people.

Even the Slavs thought that in every house there lives a brownie god who makes sure that everything is fine in this house, good people loves and does good to them, and punishes the evil ones.

There are no such gods and never have been. There is only one God who created both the thunder and the sun and everything that is on earth. But the Slavs in those old times they did not yet know the real God: that is why they prayed to other, pagan gods.

How it started Russian state

In former times, foreign peoples who lived next door to our Slavic ancestors often offended them. Alien warriors came to the land of the Slavs, burned houses and carried away the property of the inhabitants.

And the Slavs themselves quarreled among themselves, did not want to obey each other; they were like children without a father or a good mother. There was no one to sort out their quarrels, reconcile them and take care that no one offended them.

Then one old and clever head of the Slavs, named Gostomysl, called many old people to him before his death and began to say to them: “Look for yourself such a person who would sort out your quarrels, reconcile you and punish the disobedient. Such a person will also take care that foreign nations did not offend you!"

The old people retold these words of Gostomysl to everything Slavic people, and the Slavs listened to smart advice. They sent ambassadors across the seas to another, distant country, where a people called Varangians lived. The ambassadors came across the sea to the Varangian people, Rus, and said to the noble Russian chiefs, whom the Varangians called princes, such words: "Our land is great and rich, but there is no order in it: come rule us!"

Then three brothers, three noble Russian princes, Rurik, Sineus and Truvor, gathered and came to Slavic land. Since then, our land, after the name of the Russian princes, began to be called Rus.

Rurik settled on the Volkhov River, his brother, Sineus, began to live on the White Lake, and the third brother, Truvor, built himself the town of Izborsk.

In two years two younger brother died, and Rurik began to reign alone and rule the Russian people. The prince took care that no one offended the Russian people: he sorted out their quarrels among themselves and reconciled them. Rurik also ordered the Slavs to build cities for themselves. But the Slavic cities were not like our big beautiful cities: they resembled our present villages with wooden poor and small huts. Only around the whole village then the Slavs built a strong fence, behind which they hid from enemies.

Since there were many cities, and Rurik did not keep up everywhere he himself defended the people and sorted out their quarrels, instead of himself he sent to different cities their warriors. The noble warriors of Rurik were also his friends and were called the prince's retinue.

Rurik himself lived in the city of Novgorod, and his warriors lived in other smaller cities. There they judged the people and protected them from their enemies.

Prince Rurik became angry with two of his warriors, Askold and Dir, for disobedience and did not allow them to manage the cities. Then Askold and Dir were offended by the prince, did not want to serve him anymore and left Novgorod.

They got into boats and sailed along the Dnieper River away to a foreign land.

On the banks of the Dnieper, they saw a beautiful town on a high green mountain and asked its inhabitants: "Who built this town?"

The inhabitants answered them: “It was built by three brothers, Kiy, Shchek and Khoriv. Now all three have died, and a wild people, the Khazars, attacked us, and offend us. They take a lot of tribute from us: we owe a lot of honey, furs, linen and bread give them back!"

Askold and Dir with their warriors drove the Khazars out of the city, while they themselves remained in Kyiv and began to manage its inhabitants.

Prophetic Oleg

Prince Igor, the son of the former Russian prince Rurik, was still a very young boy and could not govern the people himself. His uncle, Oleg, who loved his little nephew very much and took care of him, began to reign for him.

Prince Oleg wanted to conquer the rich city of Kyiv. The prince gathered an army and sailed in boats along the Dnieper River. Near Kyiv, Oleg ordered many of his soldiers to hide for the time being in boats and wait for him. Oleg himself with little Igor went ashore and sent his servant to Askold and Dir, who ruled the city of Kyiv, to tell them: "People who were sent to you by Prince Oleg have come to Kyiv; come and see them!"

Askold and Dir came. Then Oleg's warriors, who had previously hidden in boats, went ashore and surrounded them. Oleg told Askold and Dir: "You are not princes and cannot govern Kyiv." Then he took little Igor in his arms, showed him to all the people and said: "Here is the son of Rurik - your prince!"

Then the princely soldiers killed Askold and Dir and buried them in Kyiv on high mountain. Oleg and little Igor stayed in Kyiv, because they liked this rich and beautiful city very much. Oleg said: "Let this city be the most important in Russia. Let it be the mother of all other cities."

From Kyiv, Oleg with his soldiers went to fight in the Greek land. On horseback and in boats, the Russians approached the city of Tsargrad and began to burn houses and churches and kill the inhabitants. The Greeks were frightened and told Oleg: "Do not ruin our city. We'd better give you tribute as much as you want." And the Greeks sent him a lot of silver and gold and other expensive things. Oleg reconciled with them and gathered back to Kyiv with his rich booty, but before leaving, he nailed his shield on the gates of Constantinople in memory of his successful campaign.

The Russians were very surprised when Oleg returned to Kyiv with a lot of gold and jewelry. Upon learning that he got it without a fight, they thought that some kind of sorcery was hidden in this, and they called Oleg prophetic, i.e. magician.

Once, while walking around Kyiv, Prince Oleg met a magician. The Slavs called sorcerers such people who predicted the future.

Oleg asked the magician: "Will I die soon?"

"Prince," the sorcerer answered, "you won't die so soon. You will die from your beloved horse."

Since then, Oleg did not want to ride his beloved horse anymore - the prince did not want to die! But he ordered to take care of his horse, feed him as well as possible and take care of him.

A few years later, Oleg remembered his horse and wanted to see him.

"Prince," said the servants, "your horse is already dead!"

Oleg was saddened and went to look at the dead horse, from which now only bones remained.

“The magician told me a lie,” thought the prince. “I shouldn’t have parted with my horse. Now I’m alive, but he’s gone already.

But while the prince thought so, from under the bones of the horse crawled out big snake and stung the prince on the leg. Oleg fell ill from this wound and died.

Oleg was a brave prince, and the people loved him very much and felt sorry for him when he died. After his death, the son of Rurik, Igor, who by that time had grown up, became a Russian prince.

Prince Igor

Prince Igor went to fight in the Greek land, but this war ended badly for the Russians. There were many more Greeks than Russians, and they killed many Russian soldiers. The Russians could not fight anymore, got into the boats and prepared to sail home.

Then the Greek soldiers also met our boats at sea. The Greeks began to throw fire at the Russians from long pipes they held in their hands. The Russians became terrified, their boats caught fire; many people were burned in them, while others, in order to escape the fire, threw themselves into the water and drowned.

Igor's warriors, who returned home, later told their relatives and friends: "The Greeks had lightning in their hands, and therefore we could not defeat them."

Igor was angry that he could not defeat the Greeks. He returned to Kyiv, collected twice as many troops and again sailed to Constantinople. The peoples who lived in the neighborhood of the Greeks were sent to say to them: "A lot of Russians are coming at you. The whole sea is covered with Russian boats."

Here the Greeks were afraid. The Greek soldiers came to Igor and said: "Do not go to us. Take from us the same tribute that your uncle, Prince Oleg, took, and if it's not enough for you, we'll give even more."

Igor called his squad and began to consult with her what to do, whether to fight, or to put up with the Greeks?

The squad said to Igor: “Why do we need to fight now? Let’s take silver, gold and expensive fabrics without a war and leave for Kyiv. After all, you can’t know in advance who will be stronger - we or the Greeks? And it’s dangerous to fight at sea: maybe there will still be a storm, and then our boats will sink."

Igor obeyed his squad; took tribute from the Greeks and returned to Kyiv. The following year, Igor went to the land of his neighbors, the Drevlyans.

Igor also fought with the Drevlyans and defeated them. The Drevlyans had to give Igor a lot of furs, honey, linen and horses every year so that he would not ruin their land anymore.

But everything seemed to Igor not enough, and he said to his squad: "Go home to Kyiv, and I will return with my servants and still take tribute from the Drevlyans."

When the Drevlyans heard that Igor had returned, they said to their prince, Mal: “Igor is like a greedy wolf who drags sheep from the flock every day, and everything is not enough for him. Let’s kill him! If we don’t kill Igor, he will destroy us all like a wolf sheep."

First, the Drevlyans sent to Igor to ask him: "Why are you coming to us again? After all, you have already collected all your tribute!"

But Igor, not listening to them, went on. Then the Drevlyans made up a council and said: "If you do not kill the wolf, then the whole herd will be dragged." They went out to meet Igor and killed him with all his retinue. Outside the city they dug a large pit and buried the dead in it. So Prince Igor was punished for his greed and injustice.

Wise Princess Olga

Our enemies, the Drevlyans, killed the Russian prince Igor! And he had a wife, Olga, and a little son, Svyatoslav; they were left orphans. After killing Igor, the Drevlyans began to say: "We killed the Russian prince. So now let Olga be the wife of our prince, Mala. Let's take little Svyatoslav to us and do what we want with him."

Having thought this up, they sent twenty noble Drevlyans to Olga, who told her: “The whole Drevlyan people sent us to you to ask you to become the wife of our prince Mal. Your husband, Igor, was angry and greedy, like a wolf; for this we killed him. And our princes are kind to their people. You will have a good life with us."

But Princess Olga loved her husband, Igor, very much, and wanted to punish the Drevlyans for killing him. She began to think of how to punish them worse and pretended to listen to their request.

“Well,” she said to the Drevlyans, “I agree to become the wife of your prince. But I want all my people to see what noble people your prince sent for me. Therefore, return to your boats and lie down in them. I will send for you your servants, and you say: we don’t want to ride horses or go on foot - carry us in boats.

The ancients are gone. Olga ordered her servants to dig a deep hole in the courtyard of her house, and in the morning she sent the Drevlyans to call to her. The Drevlyans answered Olga’s servants: “We won’t ride horses, we won’t go on foot, but carry us in boats.”

Olga's servants answered this: "There is nothing to do! We must obey you, because you killed our prince, and Olga will marry your prince Mala!"

And Olga's servants carried the Drevlyans in boats to the princess's house: they brought them to the courtyard of the house and threw them into the pit. Olga came up and asked them: "Are you well now?"

"Worse than Igor's death," the Drevlyans replied.

Olga ordered to cover them with earth. So for the first time Olga Drevlyan was punished for the death of Igor. Then Olga sent her people to the Drevlyans to tell Prince Mal and his squad: "If you really want me to become the wife of Prince Mal, send more noble Drevlyans for me, otherwise the people of Kiev will not let me in."

The ancients did just that. When their noble people came to Kyiv, Olga told her servants: "Flood a bathhouse for the Drevlyans, let them wash there and then come to me."

When the Drevlyans entered the bath, Olga ordered them to be locked there, and the bath to be lit. And all the Drevlyans burned down. This was their second punishment for Igor's death. After that, Olga again sent her ambassadors to the Drevlyans - to tell them: "I'm coming to you! Navarit more honey and prepare a good meal: I want to hold a wake for my husband and cry over his grave. And then I will marry Prince Mala."

Olga did just that. She wept bitterly over her husband's grave. Then she called the Drevlyans and arranged a commemoration for Prince Igor. The Drevlyans asked Olga: "Where is our squad that we sent for you?"

She replied: "Soon they will come here with my husband's retinue." When Olga's soldiers arrived, they attacked the Drevlyans and killed five thousand people. The Drevlyans could not defend themselves because they did not take weapons with them. Olga with her soldiers returned to Kyiv. Little else, it seemed to her, she punished the Drevlyans for the death of Igor, and the next year she gathered an army and went to the Drevlyan land with her son, Svyatoslav. When the Drevlyan army and the Russians were already close to each other, little Svyatoslav took up his bow and shot an arrow at the Drevlyans. The arrow fell into the legs of the horse, because the little prince did not yet know how to fight.

Seeing this, the Russian soldiers said: "The prince has already begun the battle, let's go and we will follow the prince!"

They began to fight, and the Russians defeated the Drevlyans and moved towards the city of Iskorosten, where the inhabitants killed Prince Igor. Olga sent again to tell the Drevlyans: "Give me tribute, then I will make peace with you. And I will take a little tribute from you. Send me three doves and three sparrows from each house."

The Drevlyans were delighted that Olga took so little tribute from them. They collected three sparrows and three doves in each house and sent them to the Russians. Olga ordered her soldiers to tie a piece of sulfur to the tail of each bird, the same sulfur that burns on the tips of our matches when we light them. And Olga ordered to light sulfur on the birds and set them free. The birds returned to their nests in those houses from where the Drevlyans collected them in order to give them to the Russians instead of tribute. The nests were built by birds under the roofs of wooden houses, and when the pigeons and sparrows brought fire on themselves, all the houses in the city of Iskorosten caught fire, and the whole city burned down. In fear and grief, the Drevlyans fled from their burning houses, wherever their eyes looked. And Olga's warriors met them and killed them.

This is how Princess Olga punished the Drevlyans for the death of her husband. It was a cruel punishment. Olga did this because at that time she was still a pagan and did not know that God tells people to be kind and forgive their enemies. Olga soon found out True God. She went to the Greek land, where all the inhabitants were Christians and believed in the True God.

Greek priests baptized Olga, and she also became a Christian. The Greek king was godfather. From the time Princess Olga became a Christian, she became kind and merciful and ruled the Russian land well. The people loved their princess and called her "wise" because she was very smart.

Olga ruled the Russian land until her little son Svyatoslav grew up. Then he himself began to reign in Russia.

Holy Prince Vladimir and the Baptism of Russia

The glorious and brave Prince Vladimir was at first a pagan, and in Kyiv, on the mountain behind his house, he ordered his soldiers to put up a huge wooden doll. This doll depicted the god Perun and was very beautiful: her head was silver with a golden mustache. Russian people thought that this was the real god, they called the doll an idol and made sacrifices and prayed to her.

While Vladimir was a pagan, he fought a lot and dealt cruelly with his enemies.

Once Vladimir won a lot neighboring nations. He thought that it was the god Perun who helped him fight so well, and wanted to bring God great sacrifice to thank him well.

The squad said to the prince: "We will choose the most handsome boy and we will sacrifice it to God: this will be the most pleasant sacrifice for Perun.

The prince agreed. At that time, a Christian lived in Kyiv with his son. This boy was chosen by the prince's soldiers as a sacrifice to Perun. Vladimir's servants came to the old Christian and said: "Our gods want your son as a sacrifice. Give him to us."

The Christian replied: "Your gods are not gods, but a tree. Today it stands, but tomorrow you can cut it down; then it will fall, and then it will rot. There is only one True God, Whom I serve. He created everything: both heaven and earth, and man. And what did your gods do? Nothing. You yourself made the wooden god Perun with your own hands. I will not give you my son! "

The people got angry with the old man, wanted to kill him and already began to chop down the house of a Christian with axes. Then the old man also said to the people: "Let your god himself come to take my son, if he so desires it. And why do you want to take my son yourself? So your god cannot do anything!"

The people became even more angry with the old man for these words. The soldiers rushed at the Christian and his boy and killed both. So these holy people died because they believed in the One God and did not want to serve Perun. These Christians were called Theodore and John; after their death they became saints. Vladimir was told everything that had happened. The prince saw that, in fact, Perun had not come to take the boy, and Vladimir thought about whether the pagan faith was really so good, were the pagan gods strong? And Vladimir began to ask other nations about their faith. Many people came to the prince: everyone praised his faith. After all came a Christian Greek. He talked for a long time with Vladimir, talking about the One God and about His Son, Christ the Savior, who suffered to save people. The Greek also told the prince that all Christians and all good people in the next world would go to the Kingdom of Heaven, and all pagans, all evil people will be severely punished. And he showed the prince a picture where it was drawn how God would punish evil people after their death.

Vladimir thought. He called his squad to him and told his soldiers everything that he himself heard from different people. The squad said: "Choose, prince, the best people and sent them to different countries. Let them watch how other nations pray to their gods, and tell us which faith is better."

Vladimir did just that. The ambassadors visited different countries and told the prince where they saw what. They liked the Greek church the most: “When we came to the Greek church,” the ambassadors said, “we ourselves didn’t even know where we were standing: on earth or in heaven, it was so good for us. In fact, he lives with the Greeks True God. We cannot forget such beauty and we do not want any other faith than the Greek."

Then the squad also said to Vladimir: “After all, your grandmother, Olga, adopted the Greek faith. And this faith should be good, because your grandmother was smarter than all people and would not have adopted anything bad.”

Vladimir obeyed his squad and wanted to be baptized into the Greek faith. But he did not ask the Greeks to be baptized in new faith; Vladimir was afraid that later the Greeks would become proud of him.

He went to the Greek land with a large army and sent a message to the Greek kings: "Give me your sister Anna as a wife, otherwise I will fight with you."

The Greek kings answered: "We cannot do this, because our sister is a Christian, and you are a pagan. Baptized into our faith, then you will receive Anna as your wife and you yourself will be saved."

“I am ready to be baptized,” Vladimir said, “I like your faith. Let your sister come to me, and with her release the priests who would baptize me.”

Princess Anna wept bitterly as she went to the Russians: she was afraid of Vladimir, because he used to be an angry man. But in order to do a good deed - to convert an entire nation to faith in the True God, Anna decided to become Vladimir's wife. When Anna came to Vladimir, he was lying sick. His eyes hurt, so that he could not see anything, Anna told him: "Be baptized, prince, soon, and you will be healthy."

The prince agreed, and the Greek priests christened him. On the same day he began to see and very soon recovered. Then Vladimir said: "Now I know the True God!"

Returning to Kyiv, Vladimir ordered that all wooden idols be cut down immediately, and the terrible idol of Perun be tied to a horse's tail and thrown into the water. And he ordered the people to say: "Let everyone come to the river to be baptized. Whoever does not come will be my enemy!" And all the people happily went to be baptized and said to each other: "Let's go to be baptized into a new faith. If this faith were not good, the prince and the squad would not accept it!"

Many people came to the Dnieper River. Everyone entered the water. Small children sat in the arms of their parents. And the Greek priests baptized everyone. And everyone rejoiced that they recognized the One God. When Vladimir was baptized, he became a good prince; offended no one else, built churches and distributed alms to the poor. All the poor came to the prince's house, and the prince's servants fed them. And for the sick and weak, who could not come to the prince themselves, Vladimir's servants brought food and clothes to their homes. And all the people loved the prince and called him the Red Sun for his kindness and affection.

And for the fact that he did such a great and holy deed - he baptized in true faith his people, he became after death holy and pleasing to God. So they call him: Holy Prince Vladimir.

Yaroslav the Wise

pious and wise prince Rus, Yaroslav, the son of Vladimir, loved learning: he ordered the construction of schools where children were taught to read and write.

Also, by the will of the prince, Russian people built rich and beautiful churches and cleaned them with silver and gold. One such beautiful church was built in Kyiv and named it Sophia Cathedral.

Entire big cities were built under Yaroslav: on the Volga River they built a beautiful city, Yaroslavl, which stands there now.

Yaroslav was a kind and fair prince: he ordered that a book be written in which bad people were punished for their bad deeds, so that they could not offend anyone, kill anyone and take someone else's. This book was called "Russian Truth". And the evil people feared the just prince, but the good ones loved him.

Yaroslav had many sons. He divided all his land between them and gave each son several cities. Before his death, the prince called all his sons to him and said to them: “My children! I will die soon. After my death, do not quarrel with each other. Always love each other. If you love each other, and God will love you all and in everything will help you. If you begin to quarrel, you will do harm to yourself, and your people will live poorly. Instead of myself, I leave you your elder brother Izyaslav. He is older than all of you: obey him, as they obeyed me in everything! "

Yaroslav blessed his sons and died. He was already 76 years old when he died; he was very old. The people loved their kind and just prince very much and called him "Wise" for all the good that Prince Yaroslav did to the Russian land.

Vladimir Monomakh

The sons and grandsons of Yaroslav the Wise did not listen to what their grandfather told them before his death. The princes began to quarrel among themselves, to take land from each other. Each prince wanted to seize the land, which is better and richer.

The princes, who were richer and stronger, offended the weak, came with troops to the land of their brothers, burned cities and villages; the poor were homeless and often went hungry. And princes killed each other.

Only one grandson of Yaroslav obeyed his grandfather and fulfilled his will. This prince's name was Vladimir Monomakh. The mother of this prince was a Greek princess, and in addition to his grandfather, Yaroslav, Vladimir also had a grandfather, the Greek sovereign Konstantin Monomakh. Therefore, Prince Vladimir was called Monomakh.

Grandfather Monomakh ordered to give his grandson Vladimir his golden hat, which was called the crown of Monomakh. This hat was first put on Prince Vladimir by priests in the church when he began to rule all Russian land. It was called: to crown the prince to the kingdom.

Vladimir Monomakh was a very kind prince. He alone of all the princes did not offend other princes, his younger brothers and nephews, did not take away foreign lands. The prince always stood up for the offended and helped them. The guilty were punished.

The inhabitants of Novgorod did not obey their prince Vsevolod, who was still very young. Then Vladimir Monomakh called the Novgorodians to his court and ordered them to obey Prince Vsevolod. Novgorodians obeyed Vladimir.

At this time, terrible enemies came to Russia, wild people, Polovtsy. They killed many Russian people, burned many rich cities, and took the inhabitants away and forced them to work day and night. Vladimir gathered a large army, defeated the Polovtsy and drove them out of the Russian land. So all his life the prince took care of his people.

Dying, Prince Vladimir Monomakh said to his children the following words: “Dear children! Pray to God most of all. Do not be lazy, do not offend anyone, but look after your servants so that they do not offend anyone; this I have done myself all my life. Be brave and kind to the poor and strangers who come into your house!"

The people wept bitterly when Vladimir Monomakh died. There was now no one to reconcile the princes, there was no one to protect the offended and take care of the poor. And all sorts of quarrels and wars began again in Russia.

Andrey Bogolyubsky

"Our prince Andrei does not like the city of Kyiv!" - so the inhabitants of Kyiv said about Prince Andrei. And it was true. Prince Andrei, still a small boy, lived with his father in another city, Suzdal. The inhabitants of Suzdal were very fond of their little prince.

When Prince Andrei grew up, he wanted to stay forever in the Suzdal land. And at that time he lived near the city of Kyiv, in Vyshgorod.

Prince Andrei took from the church in Vyshgorod the holy image Mother of God, prayed and left for Suzdal. To get there, one had to pass through many other cities.

One day the prince and his retinue drove up to the city of Vladimir. Suddenly, the horses that were carrying the image of the Mother of God began and did not want to go further; other horses were harnessed, but these did not want to go either. All the people were surprised at such a miracle.

The prince ordered to stay here for the night. At night, Prince Andrei saw in a dream Blessed Virgin Mary, who told him that she wanted her Most Pure Image to remain in Vladimir.

Prince Andrei went to Vladimir and built a large rich church in this city. In this church, with prayers, they placed the Miraculous Icon of the Mother of God. From all cities people began to come to pray to her. Many sick people received health when they fervently and with faith prayed before this holy image.

Prince Andrei himself began to live in Vladimir: the prince built two beautiful churches in this city, many good houses, and Vladimir became the very first city in Russia, instead of the old Kyiv.

Prince Andrei was very pious and kind to the poor; gave much alms to the poor, respected and loved the priests, and diligently prayed to God. For this, the people called him Bogolyubsky, such a person who loves God and listens to Him.

Andrei was also a brave and strong prince. During his reign, the Polovtsy again came to Russian land, but the Russian princes won and drove them out of their land. One day, Prince Andrei quarreled with the inhabitants of the city of Novgorod, who did not want to obey him. Prince Andrei at first fought with them, but then they reconciled, and Andrei Bogolyubsky left his son Yuri to reign in Novgorod.

Prince Andrew died still young. His enemies, whom he punished for various bad deeds, came one night to the prince's house and killed him. But the people were very sorry when they found out that evil people had killed Prince Andrei.

Tatar invasion

Once the old enemies of the Russians, the wild Polovtsians, came to our princes, they came no longer to fight, as before, but with gifts and bows, and said: “New terrible enemies offend us: they are called Tatars. They have already killed many people. They took our princes seven nations have already been captured and defeated. Help us! After all, we are your neighbors: today the Tatars have beaten us, and then your people will also win."

An illustrated children's book about the history of Russia, about heroes and deeds; instructive examples of love for the motherland, labor and dedication. The first edition of this book was published in St. Petersburg by the publishing house of MO Volf in 1902: From the Contents: Our Ancestors. How did the Russian state begin? Prophetic Oleg. Prince Igor. Wise Princess Olga. Holy Prince Vladimir and the Baptism of Russia. Yaroslav the Wise. Vladimir Monomakh. Andrei Bogolyubsky. Tatar invasion. Holy Prince Alexander Nevsky. Dmitry Donskoy. King John III. Ivan the Terrible. Ermak Timofeevich. Time of Troubles. The first Russian tsar from the Romanov dynasty. Peter the Great. Founding of St. Petersburg and last years life of Peter. Catherine the Great. Commander Alexander Vasilyevich Suvorov. Patriotic War. Sevastopol defense. Emperor Alexander II the Liberator. Alexander III Peacekeeper. years major events Russian history. T. Sokolova. The twentieth century.

Publisher: "KIT" (2007)

Golovin, N.

ed. "Record. partion. official." (St. Petersburg, 1876).

(Vengerov)

Golovin, N.

collaborator "Jurid. vestn." 1890s

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N. N. Golovin		The book is intended to familiarize children with the history of the Russian land, starting from ancient times. Richly illustrated edition - Terra, (format: 84x108/16, 160 pages)	1993	520	paper book
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N.N. Golovin. My first Russian History. In stories for children with illustrations.

Russian history is rich in examples of heroic deeds and good undertakings. Princes, kings and emperors spent their whole lives caring for their people and their land. The people in difficult times, not sparing their lives, defended their homeland from enemies. Scientists, writers, great generals, artists - all worked for the glory of the Fatherland. The history of Russia is devoted to many books and scientific articles, but this does not mean that this topic has exhausted itself, it is limitless. And especially when the events for a long time past years you have to tell the kids. Tell them in a way that children understand and remember. This idea was attempted by the editors of the Christian Library Publishing House and the author of the book that we bring to your attention today. It is called - “My first Russian History. In stories for children with illustrations. About this book - further our story. ***

This book is designed for the youngest readers, for the first acquaintance with the history of Russia. It is written with children's perception in mind, the narrative consists of short, easy-to-read stories. The publication is illustrated in detail for clarity and a better understanding of the events described. Fragments of paintings, icons and book miniatures Russian and European artists different centuries. The publishers tried to adapt the history of the Russian land to children's understanding, from ancient times to modern times. It is known how interested children are in stories about heroes and exploits. Russian history is rich in examples of heroic deeds and good undertakings. Instead of fairy tales, children in this book will meet interesting and instructive reality, examples of work, love for the motherland and selflessness.

Let's take a quick look at this book. About how “the Russian state began”, the author writes the following: “In former times, foreign peoples who lived next door to our Slavic ancestors often offended them. Alien warriors came to the land of the Slavs, burned houses and carried away the property of the inhabitants. And the Slavs themselves quarreled among themselves, did not want to obey each other; they were like children without a father or a good mother. There was no one to sort out their quarrels, reconcile them and take care that no one offended them. Then one old and clever head of the Slavs, named Gostomysl, called many old people to him before his death and began to say to them: “Look for yourself such a person who would sort out your quarrels, reconcile you and punish the disobedient. Such a person will also take care that foreign nations do not offend you!”

The old people retold these words of Gostomysl to the entire Slavic people, and the Slavs heeded the clever advice. They sent ambassadors across the seas to another, distant country, where a people called Varangians-Rus lived. The ambassadors came across the sea and told the noble Russian chiefs, whom the Varangians called princes, such words: “Our land is great and rich, but there is no order in it: come rule us!” Then three brothers, three noble princes, Rurik, Sineus and Truvor, gathered and came to the Slavic land. Since then, our land by the name of the princes-Rus began to be called Rus. Rurik settled on the Volkhov River, his brother, Sineus, began to live on the White Lake, and the third brother, Truvor, built himself the town of Izborsk. Two years later, two younger brothers died and Rurik began to reign alone and rule the Russian people. The prince took care that no one offended the Russian people: he sorted out their quarrels among themselves and reconciled them. Cities began to be built, a princely squad appeared.

Many years later. During this time, Russia was ruled by: Prince Igor and his uncle Oleg, then Prince Svyatoslav and Princess Olga, then Grand Duke Vladimir. We will not talk about them today, but will go straight to the next ruler of the Russian land. At the beginning of the 11th century, he was the son of St. Vladimir - Yaroslav. As the author narrates, “The pious and wise prince of Russia Yaroslav loved learning: he ordered the construction of schools where children were taught to read and write. Also, at the will of the prince, Russian people built rich and beautiful churches and cleaned them with silver and gold. One such beautiful church was built in Kyiv and called it St. Sophia Cathedral. Entire big cities were built under Yaroslav: on the Volga River they built the beautiful city of Yaroslavl, which stands there now. According to the author, “Yaroslav was a kind and just prince: he ordered to write a book in which bad people were punished for their bad deeds, so that they could not offend anyone, would not kill anyone and would not take someone else's. This book was called "Russian Truth". And the evil people feared the just prince, but the good ones loved him.”

Yaroslav had many sons. He divided all his land between them and gave each son several cities. Before his death, the prince called all his sons to him and said to them: “My children! Soon I will die. After my death, do not quarrel with each other. Always love one another. If you love each other, and God will love you all and will help you in everything. If you begin to quarrel, you will do harm to yourself and your people will live poorly. Instead of myself, I leave you your elder brother Izyaslav. He is older than all of you; obey him, as they obeyed me, in everything!” Yaroslav blessed his sons and died. He was already 76 years old, and it happened on March 4, 1054. The people loved their kind and just prince very much and called him "Wise" for all the good that Prince Yaroslav did to the Russian land.

This book ends with a story about the penultimate ruler of Russia - Emperor Alexander III. All his life he cared about the fact that the Russian people lived well and calmly. According to the author, Emperor Alexander III did not fight with anyone. He even persuaded other states to live in peace among themselves. All his reign passed peacefully. All the inhabitants were calmly going about their business. The Russian people and all other states called him the Tsar-Peacemaker, and everyone loved him very much. Unfortunately, the good Tsar-Peacemaker died at a young age. The sovereign died in the Crimea, in his estate Livadia. His death was quiet and peaceful, like his whole life. He blessed his children, comforted his wife, Empress Maria Feodorovna, who loved him dearly and wept bitterly.

Taking the Empress by the hand, the sovereign said: “Be calm, dear! I'm completely calm!" With these words, the good sovereign quietly died. His body was brought to St. Petersburg and placed in the church Peter and Paul Fortress. Day and night people crowded at the gates of the fortress. Everyone wanted to say goodbye to the Sovereign, to look at him for the last time. The people bowed to the ground at the coffin of the Emperor, prayed and wept bitterly. Now the young sovereign Nicholas II, the son of the late Tsar-Peacemaker, reigns safely in Russia, ”the author, who wrote this book at the end of the 19th century, ends his story.

It so happened, - the publishers note, that in his description of Russian history, the author stopped at the reign of Nicholas II, which fell on crucial moment. Fatal events happened: The first World War, a revolution took place in Russia, which led to the end of the reign of the Romanov dynasty. Tsar Nicholas II was betrayed and martyred by the executioners of the new godless government, a new troubled time began in Russia. But this is another story, a story that is commonly called "recent". recent history Russia showed the whole world both great heroes and great villains, both new martyrs for the faith and new persecutors of Christians. Russian people must comprehend and find the right path to rebirth Great Russia. And it is up to modern authors to reveal it to children.

*** As the publishers note, children from this book will learn the history of their homeland, learn how much our compatriots have worked to make Russia a great and powerful power. According to the author, reading the book, children will understand why they can be proud of the fact that you are Russian. Stories about the glory and good qualities of our people and its great figures will throw into the children's souls the first seeds of love for work and respect for the history of their native land.

Nikolai Nikolaevich Golovin

My first Russian story

in stories for children

Be afraid, children, laziness,

Like a bad habit.

And read a day

At least you are on the page.

How our grandfathers lived in the past centuries,

And a number of their deeds, hopes and concerns,

Campaigns, suffering, battles, victories--

Here everyone will read short stories.

Foreword

Let's hope that the stories about the glory and good qualities of the Russian people and its great figures will throw into the children's souls the first impulses to work, the first seeds of love for their native land.

Our ancestors

For a long time, in the country where we now live, there were no rich cities, no stone houses, no large villages. There were only fields, and dense dark forests in which wild animals lived.

On the banks of the rivers, far from each other, there were poor huts. Our ancestors lived in the huts - the Slavs, that was the name of the Russian people then.

The Slavs were a brave people. They fought a lot with their neighbors and often went hunting to kill wild animals that ran out of the forests and attacked people.

The Slavs were very kind people, they treated their servants well and kindly. When some poor wanderer came to visit them, they kindly received him and treated him well.

Each family of Slavs, father, mother and children, lived in their own hut separately from other similar families. When the father had many big sons, and each son had his own wife and children, everyone, both children and grandchildren, lived with their parents and with their grandfather. It was a very large family, and it was called a clan, or a tribe.

In each clan, all the younger ones obeyed their parents in everything, and they loved and respected their old grandfather more. They called him the elder and head of the clan.

The Slavs were pagans, that is, they believed that there were many gods. Some gods, thought the Slavs, are good gods and love people. Other gods are evil and do a lot of harm to a person. So, the good sun warmed and illuminated the earth, and the Slavs called him a good god. The sun was also called Dazhdbog, because it gave people warmth and harvest.

Even the Slavs thought that in every house there lives a brownie god who makes sure that everything is good in this house, loves good people and does good to them, and punishes the evil ones.

There are no such gods and never have been. There is only one God who created both the thunder and the sun and everything that is on earth. But the Slavs in those ancient times did not yet know the real God: therefore they prayed to other, pagan gods.

How did the Russian state begin?

Then three brothers, three noble Russian princes, Rurik, Sineus and Truvor, gathered and came to the Slavic land. Since then, our land, after the name of the Russian princes, began to be called Rus.

Rurik settled on the Volkhov River, his brother, Sineus, began to live on the White Lake, and the third brother, Truvor, built himself the town of Izborsk.

Two years later, two younger brothers died, and Rurik began to reign alone and rule the Russian people. The prince took care that no one offended the Russian people: he sorted out their quarrels among themselves and reconciled them. Rurik also ordered the Slavs to build cities for themselves. But the Slavic cities were not like our big beautiful cities: they resembled our present-day villages with poor wooden houses and small huts. Only around the whole village then the Slavs built a strong fence, behind which they hid from enemies.

Since there were a lot of cities, and Rurik did not keep up everywhere he himself defended the people and sorted out their quarrels, instead of himself he sent his warriors to different cities. The noble warriors of Rurik were also his friends and were called the prince's retinue.

Rurik himself lived in the city of Novgorod, and his warriors lived in other smaller cities. There they judged the people and protected them from their enemies.

They got into boats and sailed along the Dnieper River away to a foreign land.

On the banks of the Dnieper, they saw a beautiful town on a high green mountain and asked its inhabitants: "Who built this town?"

Askold and Dir with their warriors drove the Khazars out of the city, while they themselves remained in Kyiv and began to manage its inhabitants.

Prophetic Oleg

An illustrated children's book about the history of Russia, about heroes and deeds; instructive examples of love for the motherland, labor and dedication. The first edition of this book was published in St. Petersburg by the publishing house of MO Volf in 1902: From the Contents: Our Ancestors. How did the Russian state begin? Prophetic Oleg. Prince Igor. Wise Princess Olga. Holy Prince Vladimir and the Baptism of Russia. Yaroslav the Wise. Vladimir Monomakh. Andrei Bogolyubsky. Tatar invasion. Holy Prince Alexander Nevsky. Dmitry Donskoy. King John III. Ivan the Terrible. Ermak Timofeevich. Time of Troubles. The first Russian tsar from the Romanov dynasty. Peter the Great. Foundation of St. Petersburg and the last years of Peter's life. Catherine the Great. Commander Alexander Vasilyevich Suvorov. Patriotic War. Sevastopol defense. Emperor Alexander II the Liberator. Alexander III Peacemaker. Years of the most important events in Russian history. T. Sokolova. The twentieth century.

Publisher: "KIT" (2007)

Golovin, N.

ed. "Record. partion. official." (St. Petersburg, 1876).

(Vengerov)

Golovin, N.

collaborator "Jurid. vestn." 1890s