Volcanoes of Iceland: Trekking to the Center of the Earth. Active and dormant Icelandic volcanoes
In the spring of 2010, the whole world watched the strongest eruption of the Icelandic volcano with the unusual and fabulous name Eyjafyatlayokudl. It has become one of the most powerful modern history humanity, scientists are still discussing the consequences of this natural phenomenon.
Iceland
This island state is often called the ice kingdom, it is located between Greenland and Norway in close proximity to the Arctic Circle. The main part of Iceland is located on a volcanic plateau, so earthquakes and eruptions are common here. In spite of geographical position, the climate in the region is by no means arctic, but moderately cool, with strong winds and high humidity.
Despite the harsh nature, very positive and friendly people live here. Icelandic hospitality is known all over the world. Every year, thousands of tourists come to these harsh lands to get acquainted with unique nature and, of course, see the most famous volcano in Iceland - Eyjafjallajokull. After 2010, the flow of those wishing to observe this wonder of the world with their own eyes has increased markedly.
History reference
Iceland is located at the junction of two continental plates, the Eurasian and North American, and is considered the country with the largest number of geothermal sources, lava fields, ice and volcanoes. There are more than a hundred of them, and twenty-five are active. The most popular volcanoes among tourists are Laki and Hekla, they have almost a hundred craters and are a unique sight.
But in 2010, the whole world learned about another attraction of Iceland - the Eyjafjallajokull volcano. Photos of lava erupting from under the glacier spread all over the world news feeds, perhaps this event did not have such popularity in the media mass media, were it not for the problems with air travel that have arisen in most of Europe.
Eyjafjallajokull is a stratovolcano whose cone is formed by layers of hardened lava and rock left there after numerous eruptions. Officially, this is not a volcano, but a glacier, the sixth largest on the island, it is located 125 kilometers from the capital of Iceland, Reykjavik. The height of the peak is 1666 m, the area of the volcanic crater is 3-4 km, until 2010 it was hidden under a thick layer of ice. The previous eruption of the Eyjafyatlayokudl volcano took place from 1821 to 1823, and for two hundred years it was considered dormant.
Preceding circumstances
Almost a year before the main events, the glacier was already showing signs of high activity. In 2009, at a depth of seven kilometers, scientists noticed seismological shocks of 1-2 points. They continued for several months, and even a shift of the cortex by 3 cm was recorded.
The activity of the Eyjafjallajokull volcano worried the authorities of the region, they undertook necessary measures for the resettlement of local residents, and the nearest airport was closed. First of all, people were afraid of flooding, since the glacier could begin to melt under the influence of the earth's heat.
Scientists have long observed activity in this area, so the victims were avoided. In total, more than 800 people left the disaster area. After the research, the possibility of flooding was ruled out and some residents returned to their homes.
Chronicle of events
On March 20, 2010, the Eyyafyatlayokudl volcano erupted late in the evening. From the fault that appeared in the glacier, smoke and ash poured out, the first emissions were small and did not reach a height of more than one kilometer. After five days, the activity dropped significantly. The reason was that melted water poured into the vent and partially extinguished the hearth.
But on March 31, a new crack formed, and for several days lava flowed abundantly from two holes at once. As it turned out, this was just the beginning. April 13 Icelandic volcano Eyjafjallajokull once more shook from tremors, as a result of which a new crack appeared at a distance of 2 km, and a column of smoke rose to a height of eight kilometers. On April 15 and 16, this figure was already 15 km, and volcanic ash reached the stratosphere, from where the spread of substances is already taking place over long distances.
Shutdown of flights in Europe
The Icelandic volcano Eyjafjallajokull will go down in history in the 21st century thanks to the large-scale consequences of its eruption. Due to his activity, air traffic was suspended in dozens of countries. Companies suffered losses, thousands of passengers huddled in airport terminals and in the homes of caring people.
The events in Iceland big influence to review certain laws and regulations governing air travel in such situations. Many companies have stated that computer program, which calculates the risks from flying in the ash spread zone, is doubtful, besides, they blamed the heads European countries in deliberately inflating the problem and helplessness in making important decisions.
Effects
In addition to economic damage, Iceland's Eyjafjallajökull volcano caused serious damage environment. In the first three days, about 140 million cubic meters of dust were released into the atmosphere. During the eruption, together with particles of earth rocks, ash, a huge amount of suspended particles or aerosols are thrown into the air. The danger of such a substance is that it quickly spreads to long distance and has a detrimental effect on the composition of the atmosphere, absorbing part of the solar radiation.
Although geophysicists and meteorologists did not support the general panic that flared up on the pages of some newspapers. According to scientists, the eruption of the Icelandic volcano Eyjafjallajokull was not so powerful that emissions could somehow cause climate change, at most - affect the weather. So, long and thick clouds were observed many thousands of kilometers from the island, even in Russia.
Ash spread
The course of the Eyjafjallajokull volcano eruption was recorded from space, and daily meteorological services made a forecast of the movement of the dust cloud. In mid-April 2010, ash covered more than half of Europe and some regions of Russia. Officially Rosgidromettsentr did not confirm the assumption that particles of dust and volcanic matter reached the territory of our country. True, eyewitnesses claim that the ashes could be easily detected using a sheet of paper placed on the windowsill.
The ejected dust was a fine-grained flying tephra, part of which settled near the vent and on the glacier, but the main mass rose into the air. However, experts assured the public that the gases released into the atmosphere do not pose a serious threat to humans.
Only almost a month after the start of the events, the media of all countries reported that the Eyyafyatlayokudl volcano had finally ceased its activity. The eruption of 2010 was remembered primarily not for its uniqueness, because this kind of thing happens all the time on earth, namely increased attention to this event in the news and newspapers.
The Eyjafjallajökull volcano in Iceland, whose photo appeared on the covers of many publications seven years ago, has a special history. Such a complex name comes from the combination of three words at once, denoting a mountain, a glacier and an island. And in fact the name belongs to the glacier under which long time there was a volcano. In connection with the events of 2010, linguists became interested in the origin and meaning of the toponym different countries trying to determine exact value the words.
After the hype around the eruption of the Eyjafjallajokull volcano in scientific world talking about another possible problem that could lead to far greater consequences. It's about about Mount Katla, which is located just 12 km from the epicenter of the 2010 underground explosion. Geophysicists' studies confirm that each previous activity of Eyyafyatlayokudl preceded the eruption of the much more powerful and destructive Katla volcano. Therefore, scientists have suggested that the events of seven years ago may be the beginning of a more grandiose catastrophe in the future.
There are many more places in this region where nature can surprise you. So, a few hundred kilometers away is the only active volcano in Norway. Eyyafyatlayokudl and Berenberg (translated as "Bear Mountain") are similar in structure and physical data. The northernmost volcano in the world was also considered extinct for a long time, but in 1985 a strong eruption was recorded.
Reflection in culture
Today, the story of seven years ago on the distant island of Iceland is somewhat forgotten, but at the same time this event made a strong impression on many, because not every day in live you can see how a real volcano erupts. Society reacted differently to the event. Videos appeared on the Internet in which people tried to pronounce an unusual name, and the people composed jokes on this topic.
Channel national geographic stripped off documentary, which tells about the events of the spring of 2010, and the plots of some feature films are connected with the Icelandic volcano, for example, the French film Passion Volcano and some episodes of the American-made film The Walter Mitty Story.
Perhaps the sweetest note in the craze for the Icelandic natural phenomenon was made by a native of this country, singer Elisa Geirsdottir Newman. She composed a provocative song about Eyjafyatlayokudl, which helps to learn how to pronounce the exotic name correctly.
Today Office civil aviation Britain was ordered to close the country's airspace due to the active Eyjafjallajokull volcano in Iceland. The volcano erupts for the second time in less than a month, melting the ice, releasing smoke and steam into the air and forcing hundreds of people to flee their homes. Volcanic ash has led to the cancellation of many flights in northern Europe. Collected in this issue are photographs of recent eruptions. (Look )
(Total 23 photos)
1. Clouds of smoke rise from an erupting volcano on April 14 near Reykjavik. All flights at London airports, including the famous Heathrow, have been canceled since noon today due to volcanic ash, which has already caused the delay of almost 300 flights in Iceland. (AFP/Getty Images)
2. A picture taken from a helicopter by the Icelandic Coast Guard shows the flooding caused by the Eyjafjalla glacier on April 14th. On Wednesday, the glacier melted due to a volcanic eruption, causing major flooding that threatened to wash away roads and bridges and forcing hundreds of people to flee their homes. (REUTERS/Icelandic Coast Guard/Arni Saeberg)
3. Melting ice of the Eyjafjalla glacier in southern Iceland. (REUTERS/Icelandic Coast Guard/Arni Saeberg)
4. Glacial river Markarfljot to the west of the Eyjafjalla glacier. During the second eruption of an Icelandic volcano, in less than a month, part of the glacier melted, causing a major flood. As a result, 800 people had to be evacuated and flights over Norway were cancelled. (HALLDOR KOLBEINS/AFP/Getty Images)
5. Flooding caused by a volcanic eruption in Iceland on April 14. (REUTERS/Icelandic Coast Guard/Arni Saeberg)
6. A man photographs a road washed out by flooding after the melting of the Eyjafjalla glacier, near Reykjavik. (HALLDOR KOLBEINS/AFP/Getty Images)
7. Smoke and steam rise from the volcano, which is erupting for the second time in less than a month. (AP Photo/Icelandic Coastguard)
8. Fountains and , a volcanic plume and steam from evaporating snow are visible in this natural-color satellite image. The picture was taken on March 24 by the ALI instrument aboard the Earth Observing-1 satellite. Lava fountains (orange-red) are practically invisible through the lens of the device with a resolution of 10 meters. The cinder cone surrounding the fissure is black, as is the lava flow flowing to the northeast. White volcanic gases and lava rise from the fissure, and where lava meets snow, steam rises into the air. (The bright green stripe along the edge of the lava flow is sensor distortion.) (NASA's Earth Observatory/Robert Simmon)
9. This image, taken on March 27, shows lava erupting from the Eyjafjallajokull volcano about 125 km east of Reykjavik. A small Icelandic volcano that has forced hundreds of people from their homes has caused a "tourist explosion" as people flock to Iceland to watch the spectacle. (HALLDOR KOLBEINS/AFP/Getty Images)
10. Tourists gathered to watch the Eyjafjallajokull volcano spewing lava on March 27. On the morning of April 14, more than 800 people were evacuated in the area of the awakened volcano. (HALLDOR KOLBEINS/AFP/Getty Images)
11. People gathered to watch the lava flow of the volcano Eyyafyatlayokudl on March 27. (HALLDOR KOLBEINS/AFP/Getty Images)
16. The volcano erupts lava fountains in Holsjodlyur on March 21. (Fior Kjartansson/AFP/Getty Images)
17. Steam and hot gases rise above the lava from the Eyjafyatlayokudl volcano on April 3. (Ulrich Latzenhofer / CC BY-SA)
18. In this photo taken by the NEODASS satellite station at the University of Dundee, an ash plume can be seen stretching from Iceland (top left) towards the UK. (AP Photo/NEODAAS/University of Dundee)
Iceland is an ice state. The country received this second name due to its geographical location, Iceland was lost in the Atlantic between Greenland and Norway, a little short of the Arctic Circle. Most of Iceland is a volcanic plateau rising no higher than 2,000 meters above sea level. Thanks to this, the island is filled active volcanoes geothermal springs, lava and ice.
All central part The islands are occupied by volcanoes, deserts and are not habitable. Only one quarter of the entire territory of the country (Iceland ranks 18th in terms of area in the world among the islands - 103 thousand square kilometers) is inhabited by people. These are mainly coastal zones of the valley.
Iceland is at the crossroads of two lithospheric plates: Eurasian and North American. The island has one of the highest volcanic activity in the entire world. There are more than a hundred volcanoes in Iceland, and 25 of them have been active in the past thousand years. Most Popular Icelandic volcanoes: Lucky and Hekla, with almost a hundred craters.
In this article, we will tell you about the most popular volcanoes in Iceland. In addition to the volcanoes listed below, there are many others worthy of attention. But these, in our opinion, are the most interesting and significant.
Hekla Volcano is the most famous and most active volcano in Iceland, its significance for Iceland is the same as for Japan the importance of the famous Fujiyama. In the Middle Ages, the inhabitants of Iceland called it none other than the “Gate to Hell”. It has been active for the past 6600 years, which was found out during the study of the volcano and its ash deposits. The last eruption was recorded in 2000.
Hekla is a very unpredictable volcano. Its eruptions be the most varied. Therefore, it is very difficult for volcanologists to predict new bursts of its activity. Each new eruption of the Hekla volcano is not like the previous one, one can last only a few weeks or only ten days, and the other can stretch for months and even years (for example, the eruption that began on March 29, 1947 ended only in April 1948). What is clear is that the longer Hekla remains calm, the stronger his eruption will be.
If we touch on the prehistoric Hekla, then the strongest of them were in 1159 AD and in 950 AD. These were very powerful eruptions, ejected volcanic rocks, scattered for 7.3 km, according to the scale of activity, eruptions were assigned 5-point difficulty levels. The power of these eruptions was enough to create the effect of a volcanic winter with a decrease in the temperature of the hemisphere by several degrees for several years. To date, information has appeared in the Department of Population Protection in Iceland about the possible awakening of Hekla. This was evidenced by the movements recorded in the southern part of the country. air masses. So far, the situation does not cause much concern. But local residents and tourists are strongly discouraged from approaching the awakening volcano.
Hekla volcano is one of the highest in Iceland. Its height is 1488 meters.
Another famous volcano in Iceland is Lucky. Laki is a shield volcano, as are most volcanoes in Iceland. This is a gigantic, twenty-five kilometer fissure and a volcanic field with many craters. To date, scientists have more than 110 - 115 craters.
The Laki volcano is located in the natural Skaftafell, which has joined since 2008 National park Vatnajokull. On average, the height of numerous craters is no more than 80 - 90 meters above the level of the basalt surface, but there are also 800 meter volcanic cones. Lucky - included major system volcanoes spread within the Mirdalsjokull and Vatnajokull glaciers.
Volcano Lucky is typical representative restless volcanoes in Iceland. Its last eruption caused many disasters not only in Iceland, but throughout the world. The destructive eruption of the Laki volcano was recorded in 1783-1784. Then the laki volcano erupted with neighboring volcanoes for 8 months. During this time, lava flows spread over more than 130 kilometers, forming lava behind them. The eruption was classified as a six-point eruption.
As a result of the Laki volcano eruption, masses of poisonous gases were thrown into the air. Which destroyed half of the livestock in Iceland and almost a quarter of its population. Iceland's climate has undergone significant changes with melting glaciers and floods. The volcanic winter effect caused by Icelandic eruption volcano led to severe droughts in Japan and India, and North America survived the coldest winter in its history. Just as severe were the consequences of the Laki Volcano Eruption in North Africa.
Ash from the Icelandic eruption was in the air over almost half of Eurasia. According to experts, due to the eruption, a total of about 6 million people died.
Here is another not calm representative of Icelandic volcanoes. It is located in the southern part of Iceland and is 1725 meters high. The crater of the volcano changes its size depending on the power of the eruption. So, for example, in 1989, the length was approximately 200 meters, and during the eruption of the year it was more than 500 meters.
Volcano Grimsvotn erupts every 3-10 years. Behind last century about 20 major volcanic eruptions have been recorded. In the recent past, major eruptions were in 1996, 1998, 2004 and 2011. Erupted in ice in 1996, resulting in extensive melting and flooding. The melt flow had a water flow rate of approximately 200,000 to 300,000 cubic meters per second. For comparison, I will say that the water consumption in the Amazon is the most deep river in the world is equal to 220,000 cubic meters per second.
Grimsvotn last announced himself on May 21, 2011. Then clubs of ash, smoke and steam were thrown into the air, while rising almost 20 kilometers. The result of this eruption is a temporary cessation air traffic with Iceland, and after - partly with Great Britain and Germany. Some flights have been canceled in Norway and Denmark.
Volcano Askja
The center of Iceland is almost uninhabited, there are no roads and trails. The entire surface there is covered with lava, glaciers, black sands and geothermal springs escaping to the surface. When visiting this region, you have to rely solely on own forces and navigator. Because of this, this land of ice and fire is rarely visited by tourists, but in vain!
Since it is in this place that another fire-breathing dragon of the icy land is located - Askya Volcano. You can find the volcano on the lava Oudaudahrein. Two lakes formed in the caldera of the volcano, one of them is Öskjuvatn, the largest in Iceland. It never freezes completely. Only from the west it is covered with ice. Descent to the bluish waters of the volcanic lake is possible only from the eastern side, where you can swim. The second lake is Viti, small. Its diameter is only 100 meters. And it smells of sulfur.
Certainly, the best time for a trip to the Askja volcano and the pearl of the Icelandic lakes - Joskjuvatn, summer, because the path to the volcano is not close.
Askja Volcano is one of the most beautiful volcanoes in Iceland. Its height is 1510 meters. The volcano is still active. The lake located in its crater is getting deeper. The last full-fledged eruption was recorded in 1961.
The walk around the largest of the lakes, located in the crater of the Askja volcano, is very long. The trail is very narrow, it surrounds the perfectly round shapes of the lake. Its length is approximately 8 kilometers. It will be useful for tourists to remember that you should not walk along the trail if there is even the slightest wind at the top. Since the path is very narrow and the edges of the crater are steep.
Located in the southern part of Iceland a little higher than the Askja volcano, its height is somewhere around 1512 meters. The Katla caldera is 10 meters in diameter. And for you, the volcano lies under the southeastern edge of the Myrdalsjokull glacier.
The frequency of activity of Katla is from 40 to 80 years. The previous powerful surge of its activity dates back to 1918, which gives cause for concern to many scientists.
Since the 10th century, Katla has erupted on a large scale once. Moreover, during its eruptions, intense melting, as a result of which powerful streams were formed. For example, the eruption of the year to the formation of a powerful stream with a water consumption of 200,000 - 400,000 cubic meters per second and melt water flooded nearby areas.
Today Katla is activated again. The level of the magma layer in Katla is growing. And besides, the last major eruption is already almost a century ago, and if we take into account the frequency of eruptions (no more than 80 years), the increasing activity of the volcano becomes clear. According to scientists, the consequences of a possible eruption will be very large: melting glaciers and floods in Iceland, as well as termination of communication with the country by means of air lines.
The eruptions are associated with periods of activity, located 20 kilometers from the volcano Eyyafyadlayokyudl. For more than 1000 years, the eruptions of the volcano Eyjafjallajökull have been the impetus for the eruption. The first such connection was revealed during the eruption in 920. Further, a similar mechanism launched Katlu in 1612 and 1821-1823.
EyyafjallajokullEyyafyadlayokyudl - this is the name of one of the Icelandic glaciers, located in the southern part of the country, 125 kilometers from the capital of Iceland - Reykjavik. The Eyjafjallajokull glacier is adjacent to the Myrdalsjokull glacier. Beneath these glaciers is a cone-shaped, shield volcano without its own name. Therefore, it is often called by the name of the Eyjafjallajokull glacier.
The Eyjafjallajökull volcano is one of the most recently erupted volcanoes in Iceland. The height of the Eyyafjallajökull volcano is 1666 meters. The size of its crater is 3 kilometers. Until 2010, the last volcanic eruption, the crater was covered with an ice cap.
The history of eruptions contains information about a major volcanic eruption in 1821 - 1823. Then, for more than 12 months (from December 19, 1821 to January 1, 1823, the Eyjafjallajokull volcano erupted. Together with the Eyjafjallajokull volcano, the nearest neighbor, Katla, erupted. The eruption was assigned a two-point level on the activity scale.
After that, he slept for almost two hundred years. And woke up quite recently - March 20, 2010. In April 2010, due to the increasing rate of the eruption of the Eyjafjallajökull volcano, the air space over part of Europe from 16 to 20 April. Also, partially the restriction on flights was partially maintained in May. This eruption was awarded four balls.
In April 2013, the volcano, which had caused many Europeans to panic for three years, again gave an alarm signal about its awakening.
Eyjafjallajokull in April 2013
In the spring of 2010, a volcano erupted in Iceland. A huge cloud of ash was thrown into the atmosphere, as a result of which the airspace of most of the continent was closed, and many flights were canceled. Photos of the grandiose spectacle circulated in large numbers on the Internet, and the name of the volcano - Eyjafjallajokull (Eyjafjallajokull, in translation - "Island of mountain glaciers") gave rise to many anecdotes (though mainly in hard copy, it is not so easy to pronounce this word).
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Photo spectacle
People all over the world admire the extraordinary spectacle - some live, some in the photo.
1. Lava erupts from the Eyjafjallajokull volcano against the backdrop of lightning on April 17th. (REUTERS/Lucas Jackson)
2. A volcano near the southern Eyjafjallajokull glacier sends ash into the air at sunset on April 16. Dense clouds of volcanic ash enveloped some parts countryside Iceland, and an invisible plume of sand and dust covered Europe, "clearing" the sky from the planes and forcing hundreds of thousands of people in a hurry to look for hotel rooms, train tickets and hire a taxi. (AP Photo/Brynjar Gauti)
3. A car drives along a volcanic ash-strewn road near Kirkjubaeyarklaustur. (AP Photo/Omar Oskarsson)
4. Chunks of ice from a glacier lie against the backdrop of an erupting volcano near Eyjafjallajoku on April 17. (REUTERS/Lucas Jackson)
5. An airplane flies past a pillar of smoke and ash from the Eyyafyatlayokudl volcano on April 17. (REUTERS/Lucas Jackson)
6. Eyyafyatlayokudl volcano in all its splendor. (AP Photo/Brynjar Gauti)
8. Ashes and a column of dust and dirt erupt from the crater of the Eyyafyatlayokudl volcano. (AP Photo/Arnar Thorisson/Helicopter.is)
9. An ash plume stretches south from the Eyjafjallajokull volcano over the northern part Atlantic Ocean. The picture was taken from a satellite on April 17. A volcano in Iceland erupted another portion of ash and smoke on April 19, but the ash cloud that plunged airlines and tour operators across Europe into chaos fell to a height of 2 km. (REUTERS/NERC Satellite Receiving Station, Dundee University, Scotland)
10. Lava and lightning illuminate the crater of the Eyyafyatlayokudl volcano. (REUTERS/Lucas Jackson)
11. The first of three photographs taken by Olivier Vandeginste 25 km from the crater of the Eyjafjallajokull volcano on April 18. The picture was taken with a 15 second exposure. (Olivier Vandeginste)
12. The second photo of Olivier Vandeginste, taken 25 km from the Eyjafjallajokull volcano. In this 168-second exposure, the pillars of ash are illuminated from within by numerous lightning bolts. (Olivier Vandeginste)
13. Third photograph by Olivier Vandeguinste. Lightning and hot lava illuminate parts of the Eyjafjallajokull volcano. The picture was taken with a 30 second exposure. (Olivier Vandeginste)
14. Lava fountains and flows, a volcanic plume and steam from evaporating snow are visible in this natural-color satellite image. The picture was taken on March 24 by the ALI instrument aboard the Earth Observing-1 satellite. Lava fountains (orange-red) are practically invisible through the lens of the device with a resolution of 10 meters. The cinder cone surrounding the fissure is black, as is the lava flow flowing to the northeast. White volcanic gases and lava rise from the fissure, and where lava meets snow, steam rises into the air. (The bright green stripe along the edge of the lava flow is sensor distortion.) (NASA's Earth Observatory/Robert Simmon)
15. Tourists gathered to watch the Eyyafyatlayokudl volcano spewing lava on March 27. On the morning of April 14, more than 800 people were evacuated in the area of the awakened volcano. (HALLDOR KOLBEINS/AFP/Getty Images)
16. People gathered to look at the lava flow of the Eyjafyatlayokudl volcano on March 27. (HALLDOR KOLBEINS/AFP/Getty Images)
18. Steam and hot gases rise above the lava from the Eyjafjallajokull volcano on April 3. (Ulrich Latzenhofer / CC BY-SA)
19. A farmer photographed the volcano shortly after it erupted. (Zuma Press).
20. Since many volcanoes in Iceland are covered with glaciers, they often flood them from below. The tongues of the glaciers break away from their places, releasing millions of tons of water and ice, which demolish everything in its path.
21. A picture of the volcano Eyyafyatlayokudl from space. It has three craters, ranging in size from 200 to 500 meters in diameter.
A few more photos.
Jokes and anecdotes
Written in a mixture of Icelandic and Norwegian. "Put 30 billion Euros in dumpster at the Icelandic embassy tonight, then we will turn off the volcano! Don't call the police."
Mystery of the name
In response to the actions of Iceland, Greenland begins to push into the ocean
icebergs.
New expletive: "Eyafjallajokull to you all over Europe!"
“Did you hear that Eyjafjallajokull came to life?
“Are you sure it’s not Hvannadalsnukur?”
- Of course, Hvannadalsnukur is near Kaulvafellsstadur itself, and Eyjafjallajokull is closer to Vestmannaeyjar if you go towards Snaefellsjokull.
- Thank God, otherwise I have relatives in Brunholskirkja!
If you read this dialogue aloud without hesitation, then you are an Icelander.
Patter: "Eyafyadlaekudl ejaculated, ejaculated, but did not ejaculate."
According to Mayan predictions, until all Europeans learn the word "Eyyafyaldaeküll", the volcano will not stop erupting. If it's hard for you to pronounce it, I suggest remembering the phrase: "Hey, I'm drunk, and forge with him."
We sat with you by the window, eating apple strudel. Both of us can't sleep anymore because Eyafjadlajokull.
"Eyyafyatlayokudl" - whatever you call a boat, that's how it will float.
News anchors are in quiet horror: according to rumors,
the eruption of the Eyjafjallajokull volcano in the near future may be added and
pyroclastic flows from the Mexican mountain Popocatepetl.
Eyjafjallajökull is a volcano in Iceland, located under the glacier of the same name, the name of which is able to pronounce only 0.005 percent of the world's population. In 2010, a small northern country Iceland decided to remind the Europeans of its existence. And she did it in such a way that the message could not be ignored.
Excessive activity of the Eyjafjallajökull volcano and a powerful release of ash into the atmosphere led to the cancellation of several tens of thousands of flights. This eruption can rightfully be considered one of the most remarkable events of the past year.
For two hundred years now, Eyjafjallajökull has been considered sound asleep. Its previous eruption was recorded between 1821 and 1823. - in two years, the volcano caused enormous damage to the surrounding area. However, Icelanders are accustomed to such disasters. There are several active volcanoes on the island, which periodically remind of their existence. So the eruption of Eyjafjallajökull did not panic local population, on the contrary, provoked a real tourist boom. People from all over the world came to admire the impressive spectacle.
In fact, the volcano that attracted so much attention from tourists to Iceland did not even have its own name. Previously, the Eyjafjallajökull glacier was known, located 125 km from Reykjavik and hiding a conical volcano underneath. For simplicity, it began to be called by the same name. Eyyafyadlayokyudl in translation into Russian means literally "glacier of the island mountains." The height of the peak is 1666 meters, and the diameter of the crater, which has been hiding under the ice for many years, is 4 km.
Naturally, scientists were monitoring Eyjafjallajökull, but could not predict the full scale of the upcoming eruption. Much more attention of scientists has always attracted a volcano located 12 km to the east - Katla. In the 20th century, he was noted for his special activity. Consequently, it was popular with tourists visiting the island.
All types of travel are available to lovers of the exotic in Iceland: auto, walking, as well as helicopter tours by air. Only from above can one fully appreciate the power of volcanoes. In addition to evidence of the fiery breath of the Earth, Iceland is famous for its rivers, waterfalls and geysers. Acquaintance with them is included in the mandatory tourist program. At the foot of the Eyjafjallajökull glacier is the village of Skogar and the most visited waterfall in the country, Skogafoss on the Skougau River. Famous tourist routes pass by it, leading to the Fimmvurduhauls pass between the Eyjafjallajokull and Myrdalsjokull glaciers.
Photo of Eyjafjallajökull volcano in Iceland.
