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The highest temperature on the earth's surface. Temperature lows and highs on the ground

This has been noted by specialists for 6 years - since 1960. to 1966 on the volcanic crater Dallol, located in Ethiopia. The temperature on the crater was kept at an average of about +34 degrees. But this place is different in that almost whole year here temperature regime is about 34 degrees above zero. The diameter of this one is about 1.5 m, and the “Gates of Hell” are located (as they are called locals) above sea level at forty-eight meters.

stay here long time almost impossible. But the natives live nearby, who are not too verbose, and besides, they are also incredibly aggressive.

The highest marks on a thermometer in the 20th century

In 1917, Death Valley in America "pleased" with incredibly high temperatures for forty-three days in a row. The warming of the air reached a mark of almost 49 degrees above zero.

For six whole months from 1923 to 1924. in Western Australia, residents lived at an average air temperature of +32 degrees. And the maximum mark on the thermometer was also almost +49 degrees.

The most heat in the world was registered by scientists in 1922. in El Azizia (Libya). The city, in which it was +58 above zero in the September shadow, is located at an altitude of eleven meters above sea level. The same temperature mark was on the same day and in Saudi Arabia. That is why both of these places on the planet are recognized as the most.

The highest marks on the thermometer in our century

The Libyan desert of Dashti-Lut was incredibly “pleased” with the highest temperature, where in 2005. the thermometers were 70 degrees above zero. Under completely natural conditions, such a temperature was recorded only this time and in this place.

At this air temperature, objects are so hot that you can cook food without any appliances. For example, on the hood of a car, which simply replaces the stove. And in the shade at this temperature, the air warms up to +60 degrees. Therefore, it is unlikely that anyone will want to walk barefoot, and it is simply impossible to do this, otherwise you can get severe burns.

Despite the incredibly high mark on the thermometer, which can be fixed here, a huge number of tourists go to the desert who want to see dunes half a kilometer high.

The highest temperature in Russia was recorded in 2010, when there was abnormal heat throughout the country. In Volgograd and Tambov average temperature in summer it was 41 degrees above zero.

The highest artificially created temperature

The highest temperature in the universe, created by human hands, is ten trillion degrees. It was this temperature, according to scientists, that accompanied the process of creating our Universe. And in our time, we got such an incredible temperature in the Large Hadron Collider in 2010. Scientists managed to see a record mark on a thermometer due to the fact that lead ions collided, accelerating to near-light speed.

The highest temperature indicator of the artificial plan was also obtained by the Americans, who experimented with the collision of gold ions. In this test, scientists got the temperature, which amounted to four trillion degrees.

To understand how high this temperature is, you can simply find out what the temperature of the core of the Sun is - and it is equal to fifty million degrees. So we can conclude that the substance obtained by American scientists, which maintains the highest temperature for only a few seconds, has a temperature several tens of times higher than the natural temperature at the solar core.

Highest human temperature

The highest temperatures occur not only in various places our planet, but also in humans. Temperatures above forty-two degrees lead to lethal outcome person. But in 1980. in one 52-year-old American, the temperature jumped to 46.5 degrees. However, he did not die at all - the doctors successfully treated him and discharged him from the hospital after a 24-day course of treatment.

There are many records in the world. Like sports: whoever jumps higher or runs the fastest. So it is with physical ones: who is higher, who has longer arms, legs. But not only people and animals set records. The weather also likes to set them. Not only such as the highest wave, the deadliest hurricane.

No less interesting are records in the weather, namely in temperature. It is customary to single out the lowest and highest temperatures, and the average annual lowest and highest. It is difficult to choose certain leaders in these indicators, as well as to make a rating. This is due to the fact that the Earth can be divided into several sectors. And habitually low temperature in one sector will never be seen in another, with a warmer (tropical) climate.

It is customary to measure according to the Celsius scale, recognized internationally. It is impossible to say exactly what the lowest temperature ever was on Earth, since it was only in the twentieth century that they began to closely monitor and record the results.

Antarctica - Fuji Dome, -91.2 degrees

Information also appeared that in 2004, on August 3, a new world temperature record was recorded in the area of \u200b\u200bthe Japanese Arctic station "Dome Fuji" - -91,2 . One of the reasons for setting a new temperature minimum is the location of the Dome at an altitude of 3786 meters above the waterline. It should also be noted that the average annual temperature in Antarctica is -60.2. This indicator rightfully leaves Antarctica the title of the most frosty place on Earth.

The leader in the temperature minimum is Antarctica. This is a continent that is higher than others above sea level. It is completely covered with ice and has no vegetation. Doesn't happen here temperature conditions above zero. Considering everything climatic features Antarctica, it is worth noting that it rightfully owns the well-deserved title of the coldest place in the world. Antarctica belongs to no one. All results on its temperature indicators were provided by stations located on its territory. Antarctica is called the South Pole of Cold. The Pole of Cold is usually called the place marked by the coldest temperature.

The lowest officially confirmed temperature in Antarctica was registered by the Russian Vostok station. The thermometer dropped at that time up to -89.2. The record was recorded in 1983, on July 21. This was done at an altitude of 3420 meters above sea level.

Asia - Verkhoyansk, temperature -67.8 degrees

In 1855, a temperature of about -67.8 degrees was recorded in this Eastern part of Siberia. There is an official dispute, but the majority insists on giving the title of the Pole of Cold to Verkhoyansk. There is non-documentary evidence in favor of Oymyakon that in 1924 a lower temperature was recorded in the settlement, amounting to -71.2 degrees Celsius. And in 1938 - -77.8 degrees Celsius.

The debate about a colder climate is still ongoing. Interesting fact that Oymyakon claims the title of both the North Pole of Cold and the world. This is explained by the fact that the difference in location above sea level with the Arctic station "Vostok" is taken into account. Therefore, Oymyakon has the right to be called the world's pole of cold. Representatives of the locality believe that it is necessary to distribute this title, taking into account not only the temperature, but also the location. The station "Vostok" is located at an altitude of 3420 meters. Whereas Oymyakon is located at 741 meters.

In Oymyakon, the temperature once dropped up to -67.7 degrees.It is worth noting that it is impossible to compete with Antarctica with the lowest temperature indicators. But each continent has its own temperature records, which are not far behind South Pole cold. There is such a competitor in Asia, namely in Russia. In the world it is called the North Pole of Cold - Oymyakon. This place is located at an altitude of 741 meters above the waterline.

Some believe that Oymyakon is the harshest place with a temperature below zero, which has a permanent population. -67.7 - with this indicator, Oymyakon is considered to be the North Pole of Cold. the main problem is that not only Oymyakon claims to honorary title Cold Poles. There is a lot of controversy on this topic. And many scientists consider Verkhoyansk the most cold spot Asia and the northern hemisphere.

Europe - Ust-Shchugor, temperature -58.1 degrees

The lowest temperature was once again noted in Russia, but already in its European part of Siberia. Ust-Shchugor is a small village in the Komi Republic. It is known only for its temperature records. -58.1 - exactly with this indicator given locality managed to set the lowest temperature in Europe. It was done under the most New Year, December 31, 1978.

North America - Northeyes, temperature -66.1 degrees

The crown of the celebration was the Greenland Northeys in 1954, January 9th. He came into the ranking of the lowest temperatures with a personal record of -66.1 degrees Celsius. 2345 meters above the waterline (Greenland Ice Sheet) - this is the height at which the record holder is North America among temperatures below zero.

South America - Valle de los Patos Superior, temperature -39 degrees

Hot and strange Argentina was pleased with the cold. This happened in Valle de los Patos Superior, where the temperature dropped in 1972. The temperature reached -39 on 17 July. As in previous cases, an important role was played by the height of the location - 2880 meters above sea level.

Australia - Charlotte Pass, temperature -23 degrees

The southern continent, while so hot at first glance, has its own snowy side. Charlotte Pass is the coldest zone in Australia. Where in winter months the temperature may well be below zero. 1755 meters above sea level played a role. And they gave a record for Australia at -23 degrees. Which at first glance may not seem so cold. But only if you are not used to celebrating the New Year on the beach and in a bathing suit. Here is the one and only ski resort Australia.

Africa - Ifrane, temperature -23.9 degrees

Last on the list, but not least. Even in Africa it gets cold - Ifrane, Morocco. In 1935, the city pleased with the temperature -23.9 degrees. Subsequently, due to the unusually cold climate for Africa, it was made a ski resort.

On one of those sunny and dry summer days, you might hear someone say, "Probably even in a hundred degree shade." And in some places on our planet, this may be close to reality. The hottest place on Earth is now around 70°C. If you are one of those who like it hot, we have prepared for you top 10 hottest places in the world.

This city is located on the shores of Lake Nasser and has about 15,000 inhabitants. Historically, it was a very important trading post due to its location on the road between Sudan and Egypt.

The city is sometimes forced to endure stormy dust storms. This phenomenon is known as habub and precedes a major thunderstorm.

The highest air temperature recorded in this area is 52.8 °C. She was celebrated in April 1967. AT summer period The average temperature in Wadi Halfa is around 40°C.

9. Tirat Zvi, Israel, 53.9°C

It is a religious kibbutz founded near the Israeli-Jordanian border. Thanks to the maximum temperature set in 1942, Tirat Zvi has become the hottest place in Asia. However, due to the proximity of the Jordan River, the territory of the kibbutz remains fertile.

About a thousand people live in Tirat Zvi, and the kibbutz is considered the largest producer of dates in the country. It has 18,000 date trees.

8. Timbuktu, Mali, 54°C

In the south of the Sahara desert is ancient city with one of the highest temperatures on Earth. Its highest temperature ever exceeded a scorching 54 degrees Celsius.

Timbuktu was an important center for the dissemination of Islamic doctrine in Africa. It has built three important mosques for Muslims and houses one of the largest collections of ancient manuscripts in the world. Due to its architectural features, the city has been declared a site world heritage UNESCO.

7. Kebili, Tunisia, 55 ° C

This city is famous for its ancient archaeological finds. The oldest of them were created about 200,000 years ago. In addition, Kebili is known for its extreme temperatures, with a summer maximum of 55°C. And at night the temperature can drop below zero.

At the same time, there are about 10 hotels in the city, one of them is a five-star hotel. Whether to prefer the red-hot summer haze of Egypt instead of the most - decide for yourself.

6. Ghadames, Libya, 55°C

A city in the western part of Libya, located on the border with Algeria and Tunisia - where the caravan routes once crossed. It is known as the "pearl of the desert" and has been declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

One of the main features of the old city is multi-storey adobe buildings. These houses have a good reason for being in the Sahara: they are cool in summer and warm in winter. And the summer in Ghadames is very hot - the temperature ranges from 40 to 55 ° C.

In addition to protection from the desert sun, between adjacent ground floors and open terraces of houses located on upper floors, transitions are constructed. They are traditionally used by women to move from one area to another.

5. Death Valley, California, USA, 56.7 ° C

This desert valley in eastern California, bordering Nevada, is often referred to as the hottest place on earth. And although this is not entirely true, Death Valley is undoubtedly the hottest and driest point in the United States. In summer, the temperature fluctuates between 46 and 50 °C, and on September 16, 1913, the highest temperature in the region was 56.7 °C.

To understand the origin of the name of the valley, we need to go back in time to the era of the gold rush. This was between 1849 and 1850. Some gold diggers tried to cross the valley, and instead of the precious metal they found their death. However, the valley continued to attract profit-seekers, as it was very rich in gold and silver.

Every year, Death Valley attracts tourists from all over the world who want to admire its amazing scenery. One of the area's most striking sites is Zabriskie Point, made up of ancient lake deposits, salt mud, and gravel that together create a beautiful, surreal landscape.

4. Al-Azizia, Libya, 58.2 ° C

Al-Azizia is located in the northwest of Libya. In 1922, an air temperature in the shade of 58.2 C was recorded there, and long time it remained the highest temperature in the world. However, in 2012, experts from the World Meteorological Organization questioned these data, as they considered that insufficiently reliable means of recording temperature were used when obtaining them. On ordinary days, the air in El Azizia warms up, on average, up to 33 degrees.

The city is very inhospitable and because of strong wind, which reduces the temperature to twenty degrees in a few hours. Because of this, the weather varies from scalding hot to uncomfortable cold in a very a short time. Despite this, the population of Al-Aziziya exceeds 300,000.

3. Turpan, China, 66.7 °C

Located in the northeastern part of China, Turpan City is 154m below sea level. It is the hottest place in China and also the third hottest place on the planet.

Despite the heat The groundwater and fertile soil made Turpan a real oasis in the desert. The area's water system consists of a series of vertical and horizontal wells connected to underground channels. This system provides uninterrupted water supply throughout the year.

2. Queensland, Australia, 68.9°C

This state is located in the northeast of the Australian continent. In 2003, a year of severe drought, a NASA satellite recorded temperatures of 68.9°C in the interior of Queensland. This area can be as dangerous as it is exciting; it is a region of rodeos, theme parks, lush rainforest and various tourist attractions. BUT " calling card» Queensland is considered one of the Great Barrier Reef.

1. Deshte Lut, Iran 70 °C

Here is the answer to the question, where is the highest temperature on Earth. This hellishly hot region is located on the Iran-Afghan border, and is the twenty-fifth largest sandy-saline desert in the world. Its length is 400-450 km from north to south and from 200 to 250 km from west to east.

Deshte-Lut - extremely arid desert with very high summer temperatures. This is proved by measurements made by the MODIS instrument installed on NASA's Aqua satellite. Between 2003 and 2005, the instrument showed that the temperature rose to 70.7 °C in the Iranian wasteland. This is an absolute record for our planet. Thanks to this, Deshte-Lut has earned the title of "the hottest place on Earth."

It rains in this area in spring, but for a very short time, and the ground dries out quickly. And strong and constant wind moves sand dunes up to 300 m in size. So Deshte Lut is not the place where you want to spend your summer holidays.

at 10 trillion degrees Celsius was obtained artificially on Earth. The absolute record was set in Switzerland during an experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. Now guess where in the Universe the lowest temperature was recorded? Correctly! Also on Earth.

In 2000, a group of Finnish scientists (from the Low Temperature Laboratory in Technological University Helsinki) when studying magnetism and superconductivity in the rare metal Rhodium, it was possible to obtain a temperature of only 0.0000000001 degrees above absolute zero (see press release). This is currently the lowest temperature recorded on Earth and the lowest temperature in the universe.

Note that absolute zero is the limit of all temperatures or -273.15… degrees Celsius. Such a low temperature (-273.15 °C) is simply impossible to achieve. The second record for lowering the temperature was set at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In 2003, super-cold sodium gas was obtained there.

Obtaining ultra-low temperatures artificially is an outstanding achievement. Research in this area is extremely important for studying the effect of superconductivity, the use of which (in turn) can cause a real industrial revolution.

Click on any blue bar below for more information.

Equipment to achieve record low temperatures

Equipment to achieve record low temperatures, provides several successive stages of cooling. In the central part of the cryostat there is a refrigerator for reaching a temperature of 3 mK, and two atomic cooling stages using the method of nuclear adiabatic demagnetization.

The first atomic stage is cooled to a temperature of 50 μK, while the second atomic stage, with a sample of Rhodium, made it possible to reach a record low negative temperature already in the picokelvin range.

The lowest temperature in nature

In nature, the lowest temperature has been recorded in the Boomerang Nebula. This nebula is expanding and ejecting cooled gas at a speed of 500,000 km/h. Due to the huge ejection speed, the gas molecules cooled down to -271/-272 °C.

For comparison. Usually, in outer space, the temperature does not fall below -273 ° C.

The figure at -271 ° C is the lowest of the officially recorded natural temperatures. And this means that the Boomerang Nebula is colder than even the CMB from the Big Bang.

The Boomerang Nebula is relatively close to Earth at a distance of only 5,000 light years. At the center of the nebula is a dying star that, like our Sun, was once a yellow dwarf. Then it turned into a red giant, exploded and ended its life as a white dwarf with a hypercold protoplanetary nebula around it.

The Boomerang Nebula was photographed in detail by the Hubble Space Telescope in 1998. In 1995, using ESO's 15-meter submillimeter telescope in Chile, astronomers determined that it was the coldest place in the universe.

The lowest temperature on earth

The lowest temperature on Earth

The lowest natural temperature on Earth, -89.2 °C, was recorded in 1983 in Antarctica at Vostok Station. This is an officially registered record.

Recently, scientists have made new measurements from the satellite in the area of the Japanese station Fuji Dome. A new record figure for the lowest temperature on the Earth's surface, -91.2 °C, has been obtained. However, this record is now disputed.

At the same time, the village of Oymyakon in Yakutia retains the right to be considered the pole of cold on our planet. In Oymyakon in 1938, an air temperature of -77.8 °C was recorded. And although at Vostok station in Antarctica a significantly lower temperature was recorded (-89.2 ° C), this achievement cannot be considered a record low, since Vostok station is located at an altitude of 3488 meters above sea level.

To compare the results of different meteorological observations they must be brought to sea level. It is known that rising above sea level significantly lowers the temperature. In this case, the lowest air temperature recorded on Earth is already in Oymyakon.

The lowest temperature in solar system

The lowest temperature in the solar system, -235 ° C on the surface of Triton (satellite of Neptune).

This is such a low temperature that the chilled nitrogen is likely to settle on Triton's surface in the form of snow or frost. Thus, Triton is the coldest place in the solar system.

According to latest results scientific experiments have revealed that a person can survive for about an hour at a temperature of +71 degrees. If the indicators rise to +80, any living organism can withstand no more than 20 minutes. On planet earth there are hellish corners where temperatures above +70 are observed. They are not suitable for life even for bacteria, since real hell reigns there.

The top 10 included hottest places on earth, where the highest abnormal temperatures ever were recorded.

Maximum temperature+ 40ºС

Opens the ten hottest places on our planetlocated in Africa. The maximum temperature of these extraordinarily beautiful natural regions can reach +40 degrees. Here is the highest average annual temperature, which is 34 degrees. The local landscape opens up a colorful panorama resembling a rainbow. Natural colors painted the local lands in red, black, yellow and orange hues. This color diversity was influenced by the eruption of a local volcano in 1926. What happened chemical reaction between metals and salts served to form such a rich natural color. The Ethiopian Dallol is located in the Afar Basin, 130 meters below sea level. This place is considered one of the most remote on the planet, where there are no roads.

Maximum temperature + 48ºС

One of the hottest places on earth is the capital of Greece. Record temperatures recorded in this city amounted to +48 degrees. Athens has a subtropical semi-desert climate. In summer, there is widespread drought without any precipitation for several months. Winter in Athens is warm and humid. The soil in Athens is infertile and rocky, but despite this, the Greek capital is one of the most prosperous cities. The city occupies an area of 412 sq. meters, which is surrounded by mountains.

Maximum temperature + 49.1ºС

The Argentine city ranks eighth in the ranking of the hottest corners of the earth. The maximum temperature recorded here reached +49.1 degrees in 1920. The climate here is considered mild and dry, without winds. Villa de Maria is located between the cities of Cordoba and Mercedes. The city lies at an altitude of 796 meters above sea level.

Maximum temperature + 50.7ºС

The Australian city, located near the Simpson Desert, is the hottest place on earth. The absolute temperature maximum recorded here was +50.7 degrees. Average temperatures reach 37.7 degrees. This is the place on the planet where you definitely will not freeze either in winter and certainly not in summer. Thus, the small town managed to take the seventh place in the ranking of the hottest places. Odinatta is located at an altitude of 112 meters above sea level.

One of the hottest places in the world is the capital of a small state, Azawad. The record temperature increase in this corner of the earth was +55 degrees. The city is located near the Sahara Desert. Timbuktu has very modest vegetation. Mostly baobab, acacia and palm trees grow. May and June are considered the hottest months: the mercury column of the thermometer at this time does not show below +35 degrees. The only salvation for local residents from the unbearable heat is the Niger River, which flows nearby. Sand dunes often form on the streets of this town.

Maximum temperature + 55ºС

One of the hottest places on the planet is considered a small oasis city in Tunisia. The record thermometer readings recorded here were +55 degrees. Kebili is home to one of the saltiest lakes in the world, Chott El Jerid. Even 200 thousand years ago, the desert oasis was inhabited by a large black population, where they continue to live to this day. Kebili occupies an area of 22,000 sq. m.

Maximum temperature + 56.7ºС

The hottest place on earth is the California desert in the United States. Otherwise, it is referred to as . The thermometer can reach a temperature of +56.7 degrees here. The desert has a very dry, uninhabitable climate. Average annual temperature is +47 degrees. Such high rates are explained by the fact that Death Valley is located 86 meters below sea level. Recorded in this place anomalous phenomena: moving blocks. Huge stones are somehow able to move, leaving distinct traces behind them.

Maximum temperature + 58ºС

The city located in Libya opens the top three hottest places on earth. The temperature record recorded in this city was +58 degrees in the shade. Except sunstroke, here you can easily earn heat. Therefore, at the very height of the day, local residents prefer not to leave their homes, and wait out the hot hours at home. Thanks to the proximity mediterranean sea, there is relatively normal humidity, which makes the town livable. With the onset of night, the temperature does not drop much, since the surface of the earth does not have time to cool significantly in a few hours. As soon as the sun rises, the unbearable heat already scorches here.

Maximum temperature + 66.8ºС

The desert hills called are the hottest place in China. The maximum temperature that was recorded here reached +66.8 degrees. The hilly uplands formed about 50 million years ago. Over the years, increased volcanic activity has been observed here. Red sandstones against the background of frozen flowing lava give the mountains the appearance of a flame in hot weather. Hence the name Fire Mountains. There are many legends associated with this place. One of them says that there once existed a dragon who was killed by a passing traveler. He cut the body of the monster into multiple pieces. The spilled blood of a fire-breathing animal stained the local hills. Another legend says that the Heavenly Furnace fell on this valley, from which red-hot coals poured out.

Maximum temperature + 71ºС

Topping the list of the hottest places on earth is the desert, located in eastern Iran. The highest temperature recorded here was +71 degrees. It is impossible to meet a single living creature in Deshte-Lut, since even bacteria are unable to exist at such a temperature. It is extremely dangerous for a person to stay in this place for a long time. The sight of the driest corner on earth is the incredibly beautiful dunes, reaching a height of five hundred meters, and bizarre figures formed as a result of strong winds. The occupied territory of Deshte-Lut is about 100 thousand square meters. km.