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Recycling as a successful business. Collection and recycling of recyclables as a business

For recycling plants seeking the most profitable purchase of recyclables, it would be logical to contact a garbage disposal company. That is why our company was initially interested in offering not only garbage collection and disposal services, but also in the supply of materials suitable for the production of recyclable materials. Large volumes and regularity of work guarantee prices for recyclables lower than conventional collection points can offer. The sale of secondary raw materials is one of the services of the Sanitarim company.

Buying recyclables from us is more profitable

The ability to sort waste even at the assembly stage means separating the material for recycling from other waste, that is, a minimally contaminated product enters the warehouse. The conditions of transportation and storage are especially sad for cardboard and paper - they soak and mix with waste, the use of recyclables in this state is impossible.

In order for the sale of secondary raw materials to really bring you income, our company complies with the following conditions:

regular deliveries of large volumes of material suitable for reuse;
reducing sorting costs and increasing its efficiency due to separate collection garbage;
compliance with storage conditions;
effective interaction with partners and regular export of accumulated raw materials.

The cost of recycling is not too high. But many production processes based on the use of recycled materials bring stable profits, for example:

production toilet paper;
production of plastic and cardboard containers, etc.

Take advantage of the opportunities to open your own profitable business, at minimal cost of raw materials.

Recycling and selling recyclables is more profitable than recycling

Properly organized processing and sale of secondary raw materials will allow you to actively contribute to the conservation natural resources and save in the production of goods. The figures speak for themselves: 100 kg of waste paper allows you to save one tree, and paper and cardboard can go through 5-6 recycling cycles until the fibers are completely worn out. The recycling of plastic and polyethylene costs as much (and in some cases less) money as it would take to destroy them - synthetic materials are difficult to burn and do not decompose in nature.

Waste disposal begins at the collection stage. Many types of recyclables are immediately put into appropriate containers for further processing. Next comes the separation stage: a variety of methods are used to extract from the total mass of materials that may still be useful. Ferrous metals are looking for a magnetic installation, ordinary trash is screened and divided into large and small particles, employees visually inspect the remaining waste.

After sorting, final cleaning and disinfection takes place, batches are formed and sent to the appropriate processing plants.

In this material:

Recycling is a business that has recently become in demand. It pays off quickly and brings a good profit, so it is chosen by many aspiring entrepreneurs. By organizing a business in this direction, you can earn and improve the environmental situation in your city or district.

Raw materials for processing can be collected free of charge in garbage chutes or purchased for next to nothing. In this case, the cost of business development is significantly reduced. Despite the fact that this type of activity is not taken seriously by many entrepreneurs, it is considered quite profitable and cost-effective. In today's economy, the development of this kind of business will be very successful.

Before starting recycling activities, it is necessary to carefully study the entire waste component of the area, determine which raw materials can be recycled and in which case the benefit will be the best. After evaluating the prospects, they draw up a business plan and only then begin to work. You should not immediately take up the processing of raw materials; garbage collection with its subsequent delivery to recycling sites will also be profitable. For starters, you can open collection points for bottles, waste paper, metal. If the business is successful, then it will be possible to open your own processing shop.

Recyclables for business

Absolutely anything can be made from recycled materials: plastic containers, paper packaging, fabrics and many other items. To make a profit in the field of secondary raw materials, you need to decide what kind of waste will be processed. This choice depends on the location, the amount of demand for recycled items, the possibility of transportation to other areas.

The following main types of waste are distinguished:

plastic;
glass;
metal;
polyethylene;
waste paper;
organic raw materials.

Absolutely any garbage can be recycled, including organic, which is beneficial to use to create fertilizer. You can use plastic, plastic and polyethylene items:

plastic bottles and jars;
polyethylene packaging;
film.

When processed, they again produce plastic and polyethylene. All recycling activities will be based on several points:

collection plastic waste and their sorting;
creation of flex - polymer flakes, which are raw materials for finished products;
manufacture of the finished product.

The sorting step is necessary to separate all waste into white and non-ferrous, removing parts that are not made of plastic.

To create a flex you need:

crushing in a special device;
purification of the mass in a steam boiler;
polishing in a special unit;
rinsing and washing;
drying in a special chamber.

The resulting raw materials are sent further for the manufacture of various products: bottles, brushes, films and even paving slabs. Acquisition of specialized processing line for plastic waste is expensive, and the business itself needs special preparation and quite detailed planning, which provides for all the costs and ways the business pays off.

There will be less costs if you buy a mini-factory.

To transport a small structure, a 6-meter container is enough, which can be transported by truck.

Waste paper and glass as recyclables

Despite the long existence of paper waste recycling activities, it has not lost its significance at the present time. Only the volume of production has become a little less. Not everyone wants to do this, because the main problem is the difficulty in collecting raw materials, which are thrown away a lot, but not processed much. Paper trash according to state standards It is subdivided into varieties, on which its value and the price of finished products after processing depend.

Recycling business is profitable and troublesome at the same time. Glass waste can also be used for recycling. It is possible to receive not only whole bottles, but also broken glass. Raw materials will be used in construction, food and other areas, so this kind of business is not only profitable, but promising.

Glass during processing goes through several stages:

primary sorting by color and grade;
purification from foreign impurities;
splitting up;
re-purification;
remelting.

To open a business you need:

different-sized sieves;
crushing device;
conveyor design;
melting furnace;
air devices.

Automation of the line allows you to get by with a small number of employees, the cost of purchasing equipment will quickly be justified.

metal processing business

The metal processing industry is still well developed. Any metal is accepted for melting: copper, iron, aluminum, etc. Setting up a scrap metal business requires a minimum number of steps:

creation of a reception point;
acquisition of the necessary structures: gas-cutting device and press;
sale of scrap metal to foundries.

Those who do not want to recycle waste, but want to open a business in this area, have no choice but to open a recycling center. After collection, the products are sent for processing.

Every day, people send a lot of waste to the trash, most of which could be recycled. These large monetary losses, combined with environmental pollution, can be eliminated if you open a recycling business. A little competition in the market for secondary processing of raw materials will allow you to get a decent profit. The main thing is to decide where to start and how to lead production to generate income. A well-designed business plan will help you achieve these goals.

Order a business plan

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From an economic point of view, the recyclable part of human waste is considered the most valuable and is of interest to business and enterprises. Also, the reuse of waste allows you to reduce the area landfills and conserve natural resources. What is waste recycling and is it possible to make money on it?

Recyclables are several types of household and industrial waste, potentially reusable for the benefit of man. But in order for such an application to become possible, secondary raw materials must be processed using special equipment.

Recyclable waste is traditionally divided into several categories:

Biological (organic) - this includes wood, paper, textile and food waste.
Technological inorganic - glass and its breakage, scrap metal,.
Technological organic - petroleum products, chemicals, plastics, rubber products, wastewater.
Complex technological products - electronics, appliances, furniture, vehicles, etc.

There is also a type of waste, the reuse of which is possible only for the production of heat or electricity. This category is called secondary energy resources, and it includes industrial gases, products of oil refining, wood processing, steam, hot water, heat exchanger condensate, landfill gas, etc.

Reception points

For many types of "useful" waste, there are collection points where both ordinary citizens and some enterprises can donate recyclables. Recycling points operate in many cities of Russia, information about them can be found on the Internet and from various environmental organizations.

The collection point is a special warehouse equipped for the collection and storage of certain types of waste. Usually, you can get paid for the garbage you hand in, although some organizations accept garbage for free.

Most collection points are focused on collecting recyclables from the population, therefore they are not designed for large volumes of garbage. Large enterprises, as a rule, conclude a supply contract, bringing at a time a large number of waste - usually not to the point of collection, but directly to the place of its processing. And in more or less major cities in last years recycling firms themselves come to stores and pavilions, collecting boxes and other household waste.

Recycling: equipment and methods

The choice of method and equipment for processing each type of waste largely depends on what will be made from recyclable materials in the future, on the quality and degree of cleaning of the collected garbage, and even on its volume.

Waste paper is first sorted by type, color and paper composition. Some firms limit themselves to pressing used paper using special presses, and then the processed waste paper is delivered to construction and pulp and paper mills. Another option is also possible - obtaining pulp, for which the paper is soaked in tanks, bleached, cleaned and whipped into foam.

This foam (pulp) is a valuable raw material for the manufacture new paper, so its market value is much higher than compressed waste paper. A full recycling cycle allows you to get napkins, cardboard, toilet and plain paper, cellulose and ecowool from paper waste. In this case, special production lines are used.

– from waste paper to finished product

Biological food waste is used in the production of feed for farm animals. The simplest processing technology is the cooking of waste in vacuum boilers, after which the resulting mass is dried and crushed, and the output is meat and bone, fish or other flour.

To obtain extruded feed, installations are used in which food waste is subjected to dry friction under the influence of high blood pressure and temperature. The resulting extrudate is highly digestible and is considered extremely beneficial to animal health.

It starts with sorting to prevent foreign objects from getting into the finished raw material. Then the glass is crushed, passes through a magnet that separates metal parts from it (lids, etc.) and is sent for remelting.

Almost any new glass or bottle consists of 30-40% waste that has already been in use. The bottle machine pours the glass mass melted at 1500 degrees and more into molds, then the glass products cool down, temper, pack and go to the factories for filling.

It also involves the grinding of raw materials in cryogenic installations (with the participation of low temperature), using impact crushers and grinders. Then the crumb rubber is sorted and, depending on the size, used to make rubber parts for cars, sports grounds, paving slabs, some types of concrete, shoe soles, etc.

From the above examples, it follows that the processing of almost any recyclable material requires equipment for its sorting, cleaning and grinding. And then it all depends on the type of prepared waste - some of them need to be melted down, some need to be digested, while others are added to the "clean" raw materials for production in an almost unchanged form.

Recycling in Russia

Experts believe that the territory Russian Federation an ecological culture is only being formed, but in recent years there has been an increase in interest in various methods of processing and disposal of waste.

Features of the mentality of Russians leave their mark on the development of the processing market. For example, unlike the Europeans, the inhabitants of Russia are not very interested in necessity, and prefer to receive money for the delivery of recyclable materials - while in Europe, garbage is sorted and delivered almost always free of charge.

In Russia, about 4-8% of the total amount is recycled household waste. In total, there are only 243 waste processing plants in the country. For comparison, in the US, the share of garbage that is recycled is 34%. And in small Sweden, only 4% of the waste ends up in landfills, and the rest is recycled and reused.

At the same time, enterprises do not yet have tax incentives, which they could receive for the introduction of waste-free production and waste processing technologies. The legislative framework in the field of "environmental" industry is still being formed in many ways, so the collection and disposal of waste is mostly a matter of enthusiasts, but not large companies and entrepreneurs.

On the other hand, on the Internet you can find a lot of tips on how to make money on recycled materials. Usually this involves the purchase of recyclable materials from the population, without processing the collected garbage, but with the development of the enterprise, the question of expanding the scope of activities usually arises. Also on the market there are many fairly inexpensive installations and lines for working with secondary materials and their disposal. So, the eco-business of waste recycling will develop at a significant pace in the coming years, especially if there is support from the state.

How to make money on recycled goods

Recycling of waste usually requires considerable costs for the purchase of equipment and specific knowledge, therefore, most often " garbage business» is limited to the purchase of recyclable materials from the public and their resale to processing plants. Most often, this is glass and cullet, waste paper, scrap metal, and metal is considered the most profitable, because the cost of such recycled materials is much higher.

To organize a collection point according to the law, it is necessary to register a company or individual entrepreneur (if the owner does not plan to further expand the business and reach large volumes).

You will also need a place to store the collected garbage - if we are talking about metal or glass, then an ordinary garage that can be rented or bought is suitable as a warehouse. The space for storing waste paper must be dry and relatively clean, and permission from the fire department may also be required, since paper is a highly combustible material.

A warehouse for the collection of recyclables must be equipped with scales in order to determine the value of the accepted garbage by weight. Another necessary condition is the availability of a truck for transporting waste.

And most importantly, without which it is impossible to open a recycling center, this is the sales market. The entrepreneur will have to conclude an agreement with a company or a waste processing plant.

It is worth remembering that such a business does not bring instant profit and is not highly profitable, but over time, the acceptance and purchase of recyclable materials from the population often “grows” into a small processing industry. Having opened a waste collection point, its owner sooner or later studies the needs of the market and sales opportunities, and then decides to expand his enterprise.

It should be borne in mind that working with some types of waste requires obtaining a license, training employees and quite expensive equipment.

Samples that can be used to start or develop a "junk business" are easily found on the Internet, because in recent years this direction has become quite popular among entrepreneurs.

Conclusion

Waste recycling is a “dirty” occupation, but it is certainly beneficial both for the economy and for the environment. The West has long understood that non-waste production, which uses used materials, is much cheaper and allows you to make the final product more accessible to the consumer.

Therefore, waste recycling in the near future will remain one of the most urgent tasks in all civilized countries. Our country still lags behind world indicators in terms of recycling waste, but it can be predicted that this gap will not last long.

As you know, today you can earn not only on the production of any product, but also on the reception of waste. In particular, this applies to waste paper. And on paper waste, you can build a very profitable business. We will talk further about how to start a business on waste paper.

Learn more about paper waste recycling

Many of us remember how during the Soviet Union, schools and enterprises regularly collected waste paper. And with her search, as a rule, there were no special problems.

After all, a person, both at home and at work, constantly encounters paper in the form of documents, newspapers, magazines, books, brochures and brochures, packaging for various goods, napkins, etc.

In our country, as a rule, waste of this type they are simply taken to a landfill, where they are burned or rot in the rain and snow.

At the same time, most European countries paper waste is recycled. Thanks to this, firms involved in this have the opportunity to receive a good and stable income. So, according to recent studies, about half of all European paper is produced from recycled materials.

Of course, in many respects such results are a consequence of the pressure of the "green", demanding the conservation of forests and the maximum recycling of waste paper. In Russia, however, the acceptance of recycled materials and its further use are not so well developed. Therefore, entrepreneurs have every opportunity to start such a business and earn good money. First of all, you need to draw up a detailed business plan.

Waste paper as earnings: where to start?

As with any other business, the first initial stage need to register as legal entity or individual entrepreneur. The most suitable form for a waste paper collection point is an individual entrepreneur (individual entrepreneur).

Premises selection

Due to the fact that the collected paper waste will need to be stored somewhere, it is necessary to take care of the warehouse. If you have sufficient funds, you can rent a suitable room. If your budget is limited, then you can use for this purpose, for example, your own garage. When renting a room, it is advisable to select an area where your waste paper collection point will be the only institution of this kind.

Staff

At first, you can work on your own. However, keep in mind that as a business owner, you will have many other concerns besides accepting paper waste. After all, you will have to search for customers, conclude contracts with them, take care of delivery, etc.

Therefore, when opening a business on waste paper, it makes sense to resort to the help of hired employees. Due to the fact that the work is simple and does not require any high qualifications, recruiting staff is not difficult.

Where to look for suppliers?

You can receive paper waste both from individuals and from various shops, firms and other organizations. It is important to try to line up with suppliers long term relationship. After all, even small shop or a company can take about 20-30 kilograms of waste paper to your collection point every week.

In addition, schools, kindergartens, restaurants and cafes can become the main suppliers. Therefore, do not be too lazy to establish relations with the leadership of such institutions. This will provide you with a stable flow of raw materials.

With regard to private individuals, it is desirable to conduct a small advertising campaign with the distribution of booklets and a description of the benefits and benefits of such an activity. In addition, you can hire local janitors who, for a small fee, will not only provide you with a variety of paper waste, but also sort it.

Subtleties of work

All waste paper entering your collection point will need to be carefully sorted. This will greatly increase the profitability of your business. Therefore, the waste paper business should provide for the organization of the site primary processing incoming recycled materials, on which the paper will be sorted into classes. First class is the most expensive.

It includes waste from the production of uncoated white paper (excluding newsprint), as well as all types of white paper in the form of offcuts and products based on unbleached sulphate pulp. The second class includes waste paper in the form of cardboard, unnecessary books, magazines and brochures without spines, covers and bindings. The third class includes newspapers and paper pulp.

Equipment

Since the waste paper business involves not only the collection of recyclables, but also its sorting and subsequent delivery to customers, some equipment will need to be purchased. So, the receiving point must be equipped with a special press. It is not necessary to buy a new unit, it is quite possible to get by with a used one. You can buy it at a price of about 50 thousand rubles. To deliver sorted waste paper to its destination, you will need to purchase a truck.

Sale of waste paper

When organizing a recycling business, first of all, you need to decide where you will take the collected paper waste. As a rule, in every city there are resellers who will gladly accept waste paper from you. However, the price for it will be lower than when selling directly, but you will be paid immediately. Also, often in each region you can find a recycling center or a pulp and paper mill.

But cooperation with them has a number of difficulties. So, when raw materials are delivered to the receiving point, they are checked for moisture and blockage. As a rule, both are found, which automatically reduces the cost of waste paper by 30-40%. As for money, no one will pay you right away, and sometimes you have to wait several months for payment. In view of this, the collection of waste paper as a business is often much more profitable to build in cooperation with recyclers.

Paper waste collection as a business: the financial side of the issue

On average, to open a waste paper collection point, you will need to spend about 200 thousand rubles. If, thanks to your efforts, you can collect about 20 tons of recyclables per week and sell it at a price of 1.5 to 2.5 thousand rubles per ton, then the weekly earnings will be about 40 thousand rubles.

If you subtract overhead costs from this amount, then the net profit will be at least 100-120 thousand rubles per month. Thus, you can easily recoup the initial costs in the first couple of months of active work.

Business not only in the collection, but also in the further processing of paper waste

If you want to organize not only the reception of waste paper, but also its further processing you can count on much higher profits. However, in this case, you will have to organize and own production which will require significant financial investments.

So, first of all, it is necessary to choose a suitable room and purchase the appropriate equipment. Today it is possible to purchase both a line for the primary processing of waste paper, and for processing full cycle. In the first case, you will resell the received raw materials to large manufacturers.

And in the second, you yourself will be engaged in the manufacture of final products in the form of cardboard, newsprint or toilet paper, napkins, paper bags, etc. In this case, your profit can range from several hundred thousand to several million rubles a month. However, the opening of such a business will require at least two million rubles.

The most common recycling materials on one scale or another are glass, paper, aluminium, asphalt, iron, textiles and various types of plastics. For each type of raw material there is a corresponding processing technology. To separate waste into various materials various types of separation are used, for example, for the extraction of metal - magnetic.

Strictly speaking, secondary raw materials waste are only if they can be used either as a substitute for primary raw materials, or as a fundamentally new type of raw material without significant processing and preparation for use (cleaning, washing, drying, and other similar preparatory operations).

But then the same waste in some cases should act as secondary raw materials, in others - only in the form of an initial product or material for the production of secondary raw materials. For example, for some purposes worn tires, can be applied without pre-training- say, for use as heating oil in cement kilns, in others - it is necessary to grind them into crumbs and obtain a regenerate from it, in particular, for use in the production of rubber products. Pieces of textile fabrics can be used in some cases without preparation, in others they require preliminary defibration with the subsequent manufacture of new textile materials from them. Obsolete electronic equipment and products of the electrical industry are subjected to preliminary disassembly with the release of ferrous and non-ferrous metals, wooden and polymer fragments.

Household waste contains many valuable substances: organic compounds suitable for fertilizer, paper and cardboard, glass, plastic, leather, wood, metals. Therefore, projects are being developed and special waste processing plants are being built. They are more environmentally friendly and at the same time more economical than incinerators. Reducing the accumulation of waste allows the reuse of glass bottles, the collection of plastic bottles, and plastic bags for remelting, etc.

Rice. 1. Stages of sorting household waste

In the process of logging and manufacturing products from it, a significant amount of waste remains. About 20 percent of wood ends up in waste only during the harvesting process. Rhizomes, twigs, bark and needles of trees are considered waste from timber harvesting. Wood, which is not suitable for various reasons for construction, furniture and other industries, also goes to waste. Often, this wood is used for firewood. Birch, alder or pine firewood is extremely in demand by residents of villages and villages without central heating, owners of country houses and summer cottages. In the manufacture of boards and timber, another 40 percent of the wood goes to waste. From the production of boards and timber, slabs, ends of boards, slats and sawdust remain. In the production of furniture, the amount of waste is also significant, and can be more than 60 percent.

With a reasonable use of wood, all these types of waste are not recycled, but are used as raw materials for the production of goods and materials. For example, technological chips are made from wood waste - raw materials for cellulose and wood-based panels. The production of chips from waste helps to save commercial wood resources, and is extremely beneficial for woodworking enterprises. Wood sawdust is used for the manufacture of building materials: wood-based panels, sawdust concrete and wood concrete. Sawdust is used to produce pellets, which are used for heating. Board cuts can be used to make boxes, simple furniture and household items. Waste from logging and woodworking is a valuable raw material for the manufacture of various goods. In many procurement complexes, their processing, or at least sale, is organized: sawdust, slabs and trimmings become building materials, packaging containers, and cellulose. Even such wastes as tree bark and needles are used.

The processing of non-ferrous metals (copper, aluminium, tin), common technical alloys (win) and some ferrous metals (cast iron) are especially advantageous.

Plastic is a highly demanded raw material in modern industry. This is an expensive raw material that is made from petroleum products. Its utilization in nature naturally practically impossible. Inorganic products can be in wildlife for decades without changes. Therefore, its disposal is extremely important. Worldwide, plastic recycling is a very profitable business. For example, in Germany, as one of the leaders in plastic recycling, people sort garbage on a plastic recycling conveyor, people sort garbage on a conveyor.

In many European countries, in addition to containers for collecting metal, plastic, paper and glass, containers for collecting used clothes and shoes have appeared on garbage collection sites in residential areas.

They go to the sorting center. This is where the selection of clothing that may still be usable takes place, it subsequently goes to charitable associations for the poor, churches and the red cross. Unsuitable clothes are carefully selected: all metal and plastic parts (buttons, snakes, buttons, etc.) are separated, then they are divided by type of fabric (cotton, linen, polyester, etc.). For example, denim goes to paper mills, where the fabric is shredded and soaked, after which the manufacturing process is identical to pulp.

Shoes undergo a similar sorting process: the sole is separated from the upper, the components are sorted by material type, and then sent to rubber, plastics, etc. discount, leaving your worn-out sneakers.

Wastes that are organic in nature (waste of plant or food origin, waste paper) can be processed through biological composting and decay. The resulting organic matter is further used in horticulture and agriculture as humus or compost. In addition, the gas released during the decomposition process (for example, methane) is accumulated and then used to generate electricity.

Energy-containing waste can be used directly without any processing as fuel for engines or, having processed them, in the form of any other type of fuel.

The treatment of waste through the use of high temperatures makes it possible to use waste as a source of fuel, both for cooking and space heating, and for the operation of boilers that generate steam and electricity for turbines.

Pyrolysis and gasification are two forms of waste processing in high temperature with limited access oxygen. These processes take place in a sealed container under high pressure. During the pyrolysis process solid waste get solid, liquid and gaseous substances. When burning the obtained liquid and gaseous substances, it is possible to generate energy, and when processing them, other energy can be obtained. necessary materials. With further purification of the solid residue (coke), substances such as Activated carbon. Conventional and plasma-arc gasification are used for direct processing organic matter into synthetic gas, which includes carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Burning gas produces electricity and steam.

Based on the above, we can conclude that the recycling of waste has importance. Firstly, the resources of many materials on Earth are limited and cannot be replenished within a period comparable to the time of the existence of human civilization. Secondly, getting into environment, materials usually become contaminants. Third, waste and finished their life cycle products are often (but not always) a cheaper source of many substances and materials than natural sources.

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