Customs business: where to learn a specialty? Is it easy to get a job in customs: three stories

tamozenniza
Evgeniya (name changed)

Last year, after more than four years of service in customs, I left. Tired of it. My education is higher in economics, not RTA. In Pskov, work is generally so-so, but the opinion that working in customs is great still exists to this day. I applied for the vacancy of a senior customs inspector and turned out to be the most “lucky”: it was very difficult to take people off the “street” at that time; a girl who was already on her sixth attempt tried to get into customs with me. That time they took her.

21 days are allotted for accepting documents, I submitted them by the end of this period - I graduated from the university, and the diploma was about to be issued. In June I submitted documents, and in August they signed a contract with me. The main thing is that the education is higher, not necessarily received at the RTA. In general, when submitting documents you need so many certificates! When I saw this list... Well, it's crazy.

After receiving the documents, the stages of the competition begin. At the same time, a check is being carried out internal service customs security.

The first stage is a psychologist. You take a huge test, it contains about 600 questions on your knowledge of the Russian language, but more on your general psychological portrait. A scale is drawn up based on the test, and something becomes clear from it: which qualities are clearly expressed in a person, and which are less so. Psychologically suitable candidates are selected.

For example, customs does not need a person with leadership qualities for the position of customs inspector.

Then a day is set for another stage. What should jump off your teeth is the Customs Code, 311 Federal Laws, 273 Federal Laws - mandatory for combating corruption, another 79 Federal Laws. In fact, there is a lot to learn, a lot.

Everyone is taken into a large hall and given a basic test of about 20 questions. You write, you submit, you leave. And then the person starts calling one by one to the commission. There are about 9-12 members. You come in, introduce yourself, and they ask you questions about your knowledge of the law. Results appear in a week or two. A letter arrives telling you whether you passed the competition or not. If you pass, they sign a contract with you.

Lasts three months probation, after it you are a full-fledged worker - you are given the first shoulder straps and stars.

Nowadays, many people are leaving their jobs and vacancies are appearing. I don’t know how it is for those who work in the office 5 through 2, but it’s very difficult at the post. The workload is crazy – both physically and psychologically. When we worked for days, no matter what, you muster your will, you bomb for a day and you’re home for three days. And then when they made a day/night/bedtime/weekend schedule, we stopped seeing life altogether.

We had at least 3-4 people at our post who graduated from RTA. The last girl who got there after graduating from the academy went through a competition - the placement has already been cancelled.

Neither the salaries nor anything else differs between those who were assigned to customs and those who came from outside.

RTA graduates, I won’t say that they were disappointed, but they were surprised: they spent so many years on specialized education, but do not have any privileges compared to others who received non-core education, like me.

For the first 1.5 years I really liked my job - the uniform, and this: “Where do you work?”, and you so proudly: “At customs.” Then the rose-colored glasses fell off.

What is the average salary in customs? The minimum I saw was 35 thousand. So the salary of an ordinary inspector throughout Russia is 17 thousand something. This is pure, i.e. about 20 thousand minus income tax. Plus there are quarterly bonuses and savings at the end of the year. This is the money I need to live on, I’m no longer a student, my parents won’t help me.

And so I had practically no time, hard work, disproportionate salary. It took me a very long time to gather the courage to leave. This is a system, it sucks you in a lot, and when you quit, your co-workers look at you like you’re crazy: “How?!”

I hoped that something would change, but everything only got worse: less money, more work. Legislation is changing. They require us to work faster, but at the same time they complicate the design. That is, innovations are irrational, in my opinion. A strong trend of reprimands has emerged: if you are reprimanded, you lose your bonus. And if earlier reprimands were issued for really serious things, then over time they began to be imposed even for an incorrectly entered letter from the passport, although this error does not affect anything: you will still compare the passport data with the database, and you will understand what was meant not the Russian “B”, but the Latin “B”.

IN Lately many in the Pskov customs did not receive a bonus due to the comments imposed. And if previously they were removed at least before the bonus was issued and did not deprive people of money, now this trend has practically been reduced to zero. So an inspector can work for a year without a bonus, on a bare salary of 17 thousand rubles.

liso1
Oleg (name changed)

I graduated from RTA in 2015. Twice I tried to get a job at the Baltic Customs - I got to the point of competition, but both were unsuccessful. They say that it is much easier to get to the Pulkovo customs office than to the Baltic one.

The distribution was removed in 2014, and even those who studied at the target (when the state pays for your education with the condition that you go to the place offered to you later - editor's note) did not get into the service. In my group, three studied on a paid basis, including me, three studied on a budget, and another 7 studied on a target basis. As a result, none of us work in customs.

Without work experience, you can apply for either the position of state customs inspector or the position of senior state customs inspector. The salary is somewhere around 19-25 thousand rubles, not counting bonuses and the 13th salary.

When they announce a competition to fill a vacant position, you first submit documents, then go through a psychologist. And then you wait almost six months until the next stage begins - an interview with a test. I don’t know why it’s taking so long – they’re checking the documents or what.

The further test is simple - they check knowledge of the Constitution, the Russian language, and level of PC proficiency. By the way, for some reason they wrote on pieces of paper, although they should have been on the computer. At the interview itself, they asked questions about the Constitution and important for the service federal laws. And of course, about why you want to serve in the customs authorities.

In one case, a couple of weeks before the competition, I learned from friends that the successful candidate for the position I was applying for had already been identified.

This person ultimately received the contract.

It happens that information about the competition is not posted on the website, and two people take part in it - formally this is enough. One of them already works in customs - he is brought in for the numbers. Both write the test, but the one who is already working refuses the interview, and the only applicant wins the competition.

The main problem is that there are very few competitions themselves. Every year RTA graduates about 500 people, and about 50 vacancies appear per year for those who have no experience. So consider how realistic it is to get a job in customs and whether it is worth getting a specialized education. I paid 400 thousand rubles for my studies, but I could have gone to the physics department, on the budget.

The main motivation for most of those who applied to me was placement, but it was canceled six months before our graduation. Plus, of course, a guarantee of stability: after all, this is a government agency, and it will not close.

liso
Denis (name changed)

I graduated from RTA in 2015. Of course, he was no longer included in the distribution. I received my diploma and wondered how I could get a job in the customs service Russian Federation. I began to make inquiries about this and found out that in any case I needed an army - a military ID with a note of unfitness or service. The second thing that was negative was the salary. The salary of a first-class specialist in the civil government service where I wanted - the legal department of the Baltic Customs - was 16 thousand rubles. The Baltic customs then, and even now, was not worried better times. And everyone I talked to about this topic said: “You shouldn’t go here.” I didn’t get to the competition because I stopped at the stage of submitting documents: army and salary.

When I entered the RTA, there was no requirement for the army. But then the legislation regarding military service began to change, people began to be drafted into the army directly from their workplaces.

I found out about the law enforcement unit of the customs - I wanted to try to go to the epaulets, but, firstly, there were not a single vacancy (just like now), and secondly, in an informal conversation, an acquaintance said that “you can’t just get there” - either due to great acquaintance, or due to great merit, let’s say. After that I gave up trying to get a job in customs.

Through an acquaintance, I was offered a job at customs in another region of Russia, but I refused because it was not the capital. Well, the salary, of course, the salary.

None of my classmates, as far as I know, work in customs authorities.

I work in the customs area and I can say that the education of the academy gave me a lot of useful things. At least I learned how to communicate with government agencies. Let's say in my first year I was afraid of, say, any patrol policeman. And now at work I have to communicate with both majors and colonels. They're not like that scary people. I learned the art of negotiations - the teachers at the academy worked in government agencies one way or another, and agreeing with them about an exam was much more difficult than persuading any official to take some action.

It turns out that living freely is much more profitable than being in the service. In addition, the civil service is very burdensome - you cannot have large property (and I would like to in the future), a serious business, it is very difficult to confirm your income and, even more so, expenses. I watch my parents, who are also in the civil service, but of a different kind - for them it is constantly hysterical.

Is it difficult to get a job in the customs authorities? Is it necessary to get an education in the Russian Federation for this? customs academy or have protection from an uncle in uniform? We spoke to three people, two of whom were RTA graduates, about their attempts to get hired at Customs. Ironically, the girl who received a place in the Pskov customs did not graduate from RTA, and two graduates of the academy were never able to get into the coveted Baltic customs.

When planning to get an education in the field of “customs specialist”, you should understand all the intricacies of the profession. It is important not only to become familiar with how much employees receive, what their responsibilities are, and what their prospects for career growth are. Please note that there are two options for professional development in this area. The choice in favor of one of them will affect the prospects, selection educational institution, list entrance examinations, average level earnings, place of work.

The history of the customs officer profession goes back more than 10 centuries. Representatives of the specialty are responsible for monitoring the process of moving goods between countries and proper clearance of products at the border. An employee working on the territory of the complex for organizing international passenger transportation monitors the compliance of citizens different states rules for their registration upon arrival and departure.

Basic job responsibilities ordinary customs worker:

inspection of goods transported across the border, checking their compliance with the attached documents;
assessing the correctness of the preparation of accompanying papers, establishing their authenticity;
calculation of customs payments, excise taxes, duties in accordance with the characteristics of the cargo;
inspection of citizens, as well as their luggage at the station, airport, checkpoint;
registration of permits, entering information about goods into registers;
identification of cases of illegal transportation of goods, confiscation of prohibited products, their accounting and subsequent disposal;
organization of uninterrupted work of the customs authority.

The list of responsibilities of a senior inspector depends on his position. Such specialists are responsible for ensuring the smooth operation of posts, recruiting employees, and organizing events to improve their skills.

What can a customs specialist do?

When planning to get an education in the specialty “customs business”, you should initially decide on the main direction of work. All representatives of the profession are divided into two categories - employees law enforcement, representatives civil services. The former must monitor the passage of goods across the border and ensure compliance with the legality of all related processes. Usually these are military personnel or people who graduated from law school. Civil part customs workers are represented by graduates of specialized faculties. They most often occupy the positions of declarants, inspectors, and experts.

Customs is not the only possible place of work for those with a specialty. Where you can work depends on education, skills, experience, physical training applicant. In Russia these are mainly airports, train stations, ports, and border posts.

Some professionals become employees commercial structures. They help their clients properly register cargo, calculate potential costs and reduce them, and certify products.

Requirements for employees

Today, many universities teach the basics of the field, but obtaining a diploma for successful career not enough. Anyone who wants to become a customs officer is recommended to first pass a career guidance test. With its help, the applicant will be able to evaluate his strengths, identify problem areas, compare opportunities with potential results. It is better to forget about the profession for people aimed at quick, illegal income. Every year, anti-corruption committees are increasingly active in the fight against offenders, and punishments are becoming more severe.

It is a mistaken opinion that this specialty does not have very high requirements for applicants. Only a careful, responsible person with good intuition, a wealth of knowledge, and the ability to analyze information can become successful in the profession of a customs officer.

Such employees must continue their training on an ongoing basis. This is necessary not only for stable career growth, but also for updating acquired knowledge. Subtleties of conducting trade turnover, drawing up documentation, regulations are constantly changing.

Pros and cons of the profession

One of the main advantages of the profession is the optimal ratio physical activity With mental labor. Typically, during the day, a customs officer inspects cargo, checks documentation, and coordinates issues with related services. If you set up the whole process once, then working in your specialty will not cause much trouble.

Here are some more positive points:

studies in the field are not difficult - the disciplines taught are particularly good for those in the humanities;
To become a customs officer, you initially do not even have to receive a higher education. You can apply for an ordinary position to assess the prospects and specifics of the field. This will give you time to compare existing educational establishments, familiarize yourself with the requirements put forward by universities, then unlearn to improve your qualifications;
Problems with employment for young specialists arise very rarely;
employees who graduated from law schools or are in the military are entitled to various benefits;
For employees of government agencies, salaries are constantly indexed, and free training is provided;
length of service is accrued according to a special program, which brings retirement age closer.

The main disadvantage of being a customs officer is constant stress. It is also worth noting that ordinary customs officers’ salaries are not the highest. The leading employee of the department earns a decent salary, but it can take years to get a prestigious position.

How to get a profession

People who expect career growth need to study in their field and get a diploma. What subjects to take upon admission depends on the form of study, the chosen direction, and level of education.

Most often taken into account Unified State Exam results in Russian language, social studies, mathematics. A number of universities provide additional exams: physical education, foreign language, computer science, geography.

How and where to study to become a customs officer

Today, different educational schemes are available for those entering specialized universities. In addition to full-time and correspondence forms now offering part-time and distance learning programs. Many commercial institutions do not even need to take entrance exams for contract training. On average, it takes 4-5 years to obtain a diploma.

How much do customs officers earn?

At first professional path The salary of a civilian customs officer is about 25 thousand rubles. For a law enforcement representative, it is on average 30-50% higher. As you gain experience, the indicators increase by 1.5-2 times. High-ranking employees earn from 100-120 thousand rubles. IN government agencies Employee salaries are regularly indexed.

Having received the profession of a customs officer, you can count on financial stability, demand, prospects. You just need to prepare for possible difficulties, assess your strengths, and consider all options for career development.

Will hundreds more teenagers die from drugs passing through a corrupt border post? Will a batch of counterfeit medicines that could affect the health of thousands of citizens be imported into the country? Will a terrorist planning a large-scale attack with dozens of casualties pass through using false documents? Without exaggeration, it will depend on you. The profession of a customs officer is an amazing combination of routine paperwork with enormous responsibility and unconditional respect for the specialty.

Story

The profession has been known since ancient times. Even though thousands of years ago it was not represented by a modern specialty, guardians of the borders of countries, empires and occupied territories have always occupied a special place in society. The profession appeared synchronously with the formation of the first centralized states. Can't be named the exact date, but this definitely happened at the beginning of the development of world society. The impetus for the development of prototypes of modern customs came from the beginning of trade between countries.

Hundreds of years ago, caravans with goods passing through the borders of countries were subject to taxes. This was necessary to ensure the replenishment of the treasury. In Rus', customs began around the 9th century, when duties and trade fee- “washed.” The collectors of myt were called “mytniks”. It is interesting that in modern Ukrainian language a customs officer is a mitnik.

Customs – what kind of profession is it?

A customs officer is a civil servant whose responsibilities include monitoring goods transported across the border, passing people, collecting fees and customs duties. As a rule, university graduates begin work as ordinary inspectors. Later they become senior inspectors, heads of department. A brilliant career will allow you to take the chair of a policy developer in the field of customs, and perhaps one of the leaders of the state apparatus. But over 90% of specialists forever remain simple inspectors.

What are the duties of a customs officer:

Conduct inspections of citizens and cargo at customs posts, train stations and airports.
Prepare customs documentation, collect fees and duties.
Detect contraband and prohibited goods.
Keep records of confiscated cargo.
Conduct investigations of offenses within the competence of customs law.

In addition to the general profession, there are several narrow specialties - checkpoint officer, employee passport control, department specialist and others.

The work as a whole cannot be called interesting or at least somewhat creative - it is complex, routine, sometimes boring or dangerous, but always extremely responsible. The security of the state, in particular economic, largely depends on customs officers. Failure of specialists to fulfill their duties, corruption and a simple lack of employees can lead to a real tragedy.

Minimum romance - maximum hard work. Customs officers meet trains and check people heading to the country, inspect cargo, establish compliance of documentation with Russian and international standards. Often the industry employs dog handlers who specialize in searching for goods, drugs and other substances prohibited for import into the country. Is the profession of a customs officer suitable for a girl? Quite if she is ready to cope with hard work and take on a huge burden of responsibility. There are many women working in this field – about 35% of total number employees.

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Where to study to be a customs officer

You can become a customs inspector without specialized education. But you definitely need to graduate from a university to get a better chance of building brilliant career. The more prestigious and authoritative it is, the better. TOP 5 universities in Russia that teach customs business:

Russian Customs Academy.
Academy National economy and public service.
Economic University named after. Plekhanov.
Technological University in Korolev.
University named after Witte.

The average passing grade in one subject exceeds 85.5, so enrolling in best universities countries is not so simple. But it’s still worth submitting documents - you don’t lose anything. However, at the same time, we recommend that you try to enroll in several more universities or institutes that you like. Remember that studying at a reputable, top-rated university will give you advantages at the start of your career, but will not predetermine success.

Pros and cons of the specialty

Advantages and disadvantages will directly depend on the position held. It's obvious that high-ranking official or a policy maker in the customs industry feels quite comfortable. But since we are not presenting a presentation of the opportunities and prospects of the industry, but an analysis of the real state of affairs, we will note the pros and cons of ordinary professions - inspectors, checkpoint employees, airports and train stations.

Key pros :

Respectable, respected profession.
A special mission is to ensure the country's security at the borders.
Benefits – customs officers are often treated like military personnel.
Possible supplements to pensions and social benefits.
Civil service with all provided privileges.

Main flaws:

Low level of comfort.
Average and sometimes downright low salaries.
Bureaucracy and paperwork.
Rampant corruption.
Maximum high level responsibility.
Constant pressure from people who disregard the law.

Many experts admit: size wages does not correspond to working conditions and level of responsibility.

In most cases, this is important, hard and at the same time low-paid work. Bureaucracy, working in a confined space, all-round pressure - this is what 99% of customs officers at the start face. However, they can be compensated not only by opportunities for career growth, but also benefits, privileges, respectability of the profession.

How much do customs officers earn?

Imagine: you have dreamed of this profession since childhood. They imagined themselves as the defender of the state borders of their country. You wrote an essay at school on the topic “My future profession- customs officer." Then we entered the university, graduated and started working. But your level of well-being leaves much to be desired. This industry cannot be called the most “money-rich”.

How much do customs officers earn in different regions Russia:

Moscow region – 50,000 rub.
Leningrad region – 43,000 rub.
Samara region – 41,000 rub.
Krasnodar region – 40,000 rub.
Primorsky Territory – 35,000 rub.

The above regions can be called some of the most favorable for customs officers. However average salary across the country barely exceeds the mark of 26 thousand rubles. Accordingly, many specialists receive 20 thousand rubles or less with the same difficult work. You can only count on a big salary if you have a successful career.

05.38.02. Qualification: customs specialist

Higher education
Remote technologies
4 - 6 years
State accreditation
Acceptance of documents until 07.11.16
Reception after: 11th grade, school, college, university

For admission to universities for “Customs Affairs”, the Unified State Examination or written testing is required:

Russian language;
Social science;
Foreign language.

Correspondence higher education, qualification – specialist. Distance learning.

Graduates of our institute in the field of Customs are awarded the qualification “specialist”. Correspondence education specialist lasts 6 years. This is an up-to-date correspondence higher customs education, it is the second stage higher education , as well as master’s programs (Federal Law “On Higher and Postgraduate Professional Education”).

3 advantages of getting an education at the institute - the direction of Customs Affairs.

Customs specialists are trained to professional activity in a specific narrow customs area. You will be able to work independently in the customs service or at enterprises engaged in foreign economic activity, analyze, design and organize your work.
Unlike a bachelor's degree, having received a specialty in customs, you can immediately enroll in graduate school.
Employers in our country value a specialist diploma much more highly. Thus, the prestige of a university diploma in customs is several times higher than any bachelor’s degree.

2 disadvantages of correspondence higher education in the field of Customs.

The customs diploma is not recognized in Europe. Specialists often face the problem of finding employment abroad. Only a master's or bachelor's degree is recognized there.
A graduate of the specialty Customs Affairs cannot study in absentia in a master's program budgetary basis, since this will already be the second higher education.

Where can you work after graduating from college - Customs?

IN government institutions, controlling the transportation of goods across the border and collecting customs duties and fees.
At customs terminals.
In trading companies with regional coverage and purchases from abroad.
In freight forwarding companies.

What do university graduates majoring in Customs Affairs have to do?

Collection of customs duties for the import and export of goods;
customs clearance and customs control;
control over compliance with legislation in the field of customs, taxation, and currency regulation;
prevention and suppression of offenses in the field of customs;
combating smuggling and searching for contraband goods;
customs inspection of things and passengers traveling abroad of the Russian Federation;
customs statistics - providing reports on work to higher government organizations.

After graduating from college with a degree in customs, you will have to start your career from low positions. As a rule, yesterday's graduates of the customs department of a university quickly acquire connections and after a few years work at port customs at inspections or in departments that deal with declarations. If you are more interested in earning prospects, we recommend law enforcement customs activities.

Have you decided to enroll in Customs? Check if you have professional qualities:

concentration and stability of attention;
organization, clarity, discipline;
excellent memory - short-term and long-term;
ability to make quick decisions under time pressure;
ability to analyze and systematize a large number of information;
observation;
emotional stability, self-control;
good physical and mental endurance;
developed intuition;
communication skills (ability to make contact);
ability long time do monotonous work.

Customs is a modern, in-demand specialty that involves understanding the complex financial interactions directly related to the external and internal political actions of a particular state. Within the constraints of political decisions, customs officers must carry out their work with the honor of the military and the prudence of financiers. Specialists who have received a diploma in the specialty “Customs Affairs” are obliged to serve their state in both the political and economic fields.

Legislation on customs affairs

The provision of customs services and all work of customs are regulated by current regulations Customs Code. According to Art. 1 of this document, customs business is all methods and means aimed at complying with and ensuring tariff and customs regulation. This also includes the existing system of prohibitions and restrictions established by the country’s legislative acts and accepted for implementation at all customs offices of our state.

Regulation of the flow of goods and Vehicle that cross our borders directly or reverse direction, - this is the essence of the work of a professional whose diploma says “Customs Affairs”. Universities teaching this specialty are obliged to provide students with all the necessary knowledge about the principles of modern domestic and international legislation, as well as in-depth information on tax, accounting and warehouse accounting, which will certainly be useful to specialists in their future activities.

The second important area of activity of specialists with a diploma in the specialty “Customs Affairs” is the harmonization of domestic laws and regulations with international rules logistics and trade and with the laws of other countries with which our state has economic relations. Standardization of border crossing rules leads to a reduction in the time of delivery of goods to the end user, which means a reduction in the cost of goods for the consumer.

Structure of customs affairs

The basics of customs affairs can be presented as follows:

rules for crossing the domestic border for vehicles and goods;
existing customs regulations of various countries;
provision of various benefits and preferences individual categories goods and vehicles, if stipulated by current regulations;
maintaining customs records, international commodity specifications for various categories of goods;
determination of liability for violation of customs rules.

In principle, the profession of a customs officer is based on the listed rules as a systemic basis from which further orders and instructions arise that regulate the work of specialists in this area. Although these points are quite different in their meaning, their compliance leads to the same goal - achieving positive economic, regulatory and law enforcement results.

Where to study?

The specialty “Customs Affairs” has code 38.05.02. This parameter helps applicants identify those educational institutions that provide training in a given specialty. Upon completion of the entire course, the graduate is awarded a bachelor's, specialist or master's degree, and the diploma indicates the specialty “Customs Affairs”. This profession can be trained on full-time and correspondence departments specialized universities, and is currently spreading distance learning, helping people get the profession of a customs officer.

Universities

The Faculty of Customs is available in all higher educational institutions that specialize in training lawyers and general economists. The following educational institutions can be distinguished:

Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation;
Russian Customs Academy;
Nizhny Novgorod State University them. N.I. Lobachevsky;
Northwestern Institute of Management Russian Academy national economy and public service under the President of the Russian Federation.

The training consists of a detailed study of the following sciences:

In the first years they study the humanities: foreign language, history, philosophy. Some educational institutions introduce new item- history of customs affairs, and some leave the old discipline - domestic and foreign history. Attention is also paid to the study of jurisprudence and economic theory.
Studying mathematical and natural sciences prepares students for practical side customs affairs. This includes mathematics, science and computer science.

Completion of training

In senior years, students begin to be taught subjects directly related to their profession. Along with the discipline “Customs”, universities in our country offer the following subjects for study:

merchandising;
accounting and financial activities enterprises and organizations;
customs control and management;
expertise in customs affairs;
basics foreign economic activity;
principles of formation of prohibitions and restrictions in foreign trade.

This is not a complete list.

Practice

Students who choose this specialty undergo internships at nearby customs posts, conduct research activities, and can also take part in the development of new projects and customs laws. Persons who have already received a diploma in this specialty have the right to occupy jobs at state customs points, be employees of enterprises specializing in foreign economic activity, or become customs brokers who provide a range of services for goods crossing our borders.