Ege history useful materials. Preparing for the exam in history from scratch

If you love history, are interested in events that took place in the past, and are also well versed in the historical ups and downs of the last century - feel free to choose a subject as a profile for passing the exam.

In 2017, about 9% of graduates voluntarily chose the unified state exam in history, most of whom managed to successfully overcome the minimum threshold of 32 points and get the opportunity to compete for what they wanted budget place in best universities RF.

For everyone who has not yet decided on the list of subjects for delivery in 2018, and also plans to start active preparation for the exam in history, we offer the most up-to-date information on topics:

At the plenary session all-Russian conference“History of Russia in the 21st century through the eyes of schoolchildren,” the head of the Ministry of Education and Science and a historian by education, Olga Vasilyeva, said that a unified state exam in the history of Russia should be mandatory. The minister added:

Of course, this issue needs to be discussed, but a person, having completed 11 years of training, cannot not know his history.

Knowing the fact that Vasilyeva is not a supporter of quick reforms, one can expect that in 2018 history will still remain among the elective subjects. But, in the coming years, it may well take pride of place mandatory for certification at the end of grade 11.

Where do they require the exam in history upon admission?

Although the story is not currently among the most popular USE subjects, its delivery provides an opportunity to get an education at such faculties as:

historical;
legal;
archaeological;
regional studies;
tourism and service.

Please note that for some specialties history must be taken in conjunction with social studies!

Perspectives for students Russian universities providing education in these areas are very wide. Lawyers and art historians, editors and press secretaries, archaeologists and administrators of modern hotels - these professions are in demand not only in all regions of Russia, but also abroad.

Problems with the exam in history

Based on the results of the exam in history in 2017, it became obvious that the issue of inconsistency between the questions in the tickets and the program that is studied in schools is extremely acute. And we are talking not about the essence, but about the very wording of the questions, which schoolchildren misunderstand.

A number of tasks on the history of Russia are based on maps and various images, such as pictures of coins or temples, which are either not in textbooks or they are different.

Differed in KIMs and textbooks and illustrations architectural styles which led to confusion.

Only those questions that relate to facts and dates can be unambiguous. But history is not factual, and on a number of issues there are no unambiguous criteria for assessing students' knowledge, since there are a number of different points of view.

The consequence of such problems with the exam in history average result lower than in other subjects. Let's hope that when preparing changes to the USE in the history of 2018, these problems will be taken into account in the wording of the questions, but you should not fully rely on this. School textbooks simply cannot contain the entire necessary material, and, therefore, you will have to do a lot more.

Changes in KIMs in the history and teaching of the subject

In the 2017-2018 academic year, all Russian schools should receive new history textbooks! The Ministry of Education and Science believes that the previously recommended books did not adequately reveal some of the topics of the subject. It is also planned to pay more attention to the study recent history Russia, because high school students must understand the processes taking place around.

Perhaps innovations will also affect KIMs. Over the past years, USE tickets in history have hardly been affected by significant changes, but in 2018 they can still be finalized and optimized. The following innovations are expected:

Questions that caused difficulty for examinees in 2017 to understand the essence of the task will be rephrased.
Some questions on the events of the period of the VIII-XVII centuries, as well as the XVIII-XIX centuries, will be deleted.
A task will be added on the topic "The heroism of the citizens of the USSR during the Second World War."
The third section will cover history starting in 2014.
There will be new questions about the 20th century about the events of 1914-1941 and 1945-1991.

The Federal Institute for Pedagogical Measurements (FIPI) also proposes to introduce oral part in the exam in history.

But, while it is known for sure that the tickets will consist of two parts:

19 tasks for which you will need to give a short answer in the form of a word, phrase, number (century, year, date), name of a historical character, etc.
6 tasks for which you will need to write a detailed answer (analyze a problem, a piece of historical material or an assessment or point of view). The last task of the exam in history is to write a short essay on one of the three proposed historical periods.

210 minutes (3 hours) are given to complete the work.

The minimum threshold is 32 points.

Preparing for the exam in history

Effective preparation for any exam begins with familiarization with the features exam tickets, formats of the proposed tasks and their features. It is also important to know the evaluation criteria, which will allow you not to make mistakes for which a score reduction is possible.

In 2018, preparation for the exam in history includes the following steps:

Selection of the correct sources of theoretical information. The most correct decision will be based on the facts that will be included in the new textbooks, according to which it is planned to study in the 2017-2018 academic year.
Systematization of information. It is not enough just to read mountains of literature. It is necessary to comprehend what is read and highlight the main thing.
Use effective methods memorization - analogies, graphic diagrams, visualizations.
Work through the topics sequentially chronological order.
Do not be lazy to draw up an oral response plan for each topic, trying to speak briefly, but to the point.

Of course, it is also necessary to solve tasks from trial USE available on the official website, as well as tickets for 2017. The likelihood that this particular question will fall on a real test in 2018 is minimal. But, it will give the skill of working with tasks different types, which in itself is an indispensable experience and will give self-confidence.

Help will not be superfluous a good teacher, which will tell you how to quickly and effectively prepare for the exam.

However, the tutor for the exam in history should be aware of all the innovations for last years. Otherwise, from the teacher of the "old school" there will be much more harm than real help in preparation for the exam.

Graduates of 2017 took two mandatory exams: mathematics (basic level) and Russian. The choice of other subjects depended on the profile of the educational institution that the graduates chose for admission. Changes are expected in 2018. After finishing grade 11, graduates will take 3 compulsory subjects.

Future applicants of economic and engineering faculties chose an additional math exam ( profile level), physics. When entering a college or university with a natural bias, it is required to pass the exam in biology, geography, chemistry. Future humanists should prepare literature, social studies, history.

There are suggestions that the third subject may be a foreign language. Supporters of the introduction of the Unified State Examination in a foreign language complain about low level knowledge of languages by graduates, which is necessary in modern society. As a result of the development of international integration processes in the world, the need for employees who are fluent in one or more foreign languages. Economic integration contributes to the development of international economic ties, for the implementation of which it is necessary to know geography, therefore, there are supporters of the introduction of the Unified State Exam in geography. The decline of patriotism in our country makes us think about activating patriotic education and raising the level of students' knowledge about the heroic past of Russia.

The introduction of the USE in history will contribute to a deeper study of the country's history, understanding of significant historical events. Tasks for the history exam do not have a division into a profile and a basic level. To help graduates in preparing for the exam, a demo version of control and measuring materials for several years has been posted on the FIPI website. But this material is not enough. KIM materials do not fully contain all the material submitted for the exam. All options for topics submitted to the exam in history are given in the codifier.

block number	Name	Number of topics
1	Ancient World and Middle Ages	21
2	new time	21
3	recent history	27
		Total: 69

Preparing for the exam in history requires a responsible attitude. Exam questions quite complex, requiring knowledge of facts, dates, events, personalities. In addition, you need:

know historical events;
be able to analyze historical processes;
be able to establish causal relationships between events;
be able to extract information from historical documents and sources;
be able to use cards;
master the skills of solving historical problems.

Tasks for the exam are divided into two parts: from 1 to 19 tasks suggest a short answer, from 20 to 25 - a detailed answer. For 6 tasks of the second part, you must write the answer in your own words. In 2017, changes affected only 25 tasks: the assessment criteria have changed. In this task, you need to write a short essay about one of three (optional) periods of history. The essay should reflect:

two historical processes of this period;
characterization of two historical figures this period, their significance;
the presence of two causal relationships of this period;
presence and correct usage historical terms;
assessment of the impact of the events of this period on the course of history in the future.

The results of the answers for each task are summarized. The largest number points that you can get for work -55.

the date conducting the exam in history will be determined in January 2018, but preparations for it must begin as early as possible. It is best to start preparing from the 10th grade. The cyclical nature of teaching history makes it possible to start training in chronological order, starting with the history of the Ancient World.

History in 2018 is an elective exam. Preparing for the exam in history, as well as preparing for other exams, first of all requires responsibility, organization, competent distribution of time and effort.

Start preparing for the exam as early as 10th grade. To have a good knowledge base in two years for the exam.

Changes in KIM USE 2019 in history:

There are no changes in the structure and content of KIM.
Added to task 21 additional condition, which defines the requirement for formatting the response. Accordingly, the criteria for assessing task 21 have been supplemented.

How to start studying history?

1. Theory. To study the theory, use additional literature in print and in electronic format, documentaries, materials on web resources. On our web resource in the "Assignments" section, over 10 typical assignments developed by teachers, based on demos from FIPI(official draft) of past years.

For each task, it is written what you need to know to complete it. will direct you which topics to study for each assignment.

How to remember all this?

The abundance of dates, titles, names, events is a feature of history. But how to remember everything and not “lose” it before the end of the exam?

Exist row effective ways lay out all necessary information"on the shelves":

Draw an analogy, visualize, draw diagrams.
Work through the topics in chronological order only.
Plan your response to each one.
Study online - on our website you will find the necessary tasks.

2. Solution training tasks different types gives great experience and self-confidence. Decide online tests with answers based on the theory read, this will help to assimilate and reinforce the topic.

3. Practice writing an essay. Sharpen your craft and writing skills. There are three periods from the history of Russia to choose from.

Mini essay requirements:

Indicate at least two processes that relate to the selected date;
Mention should be made of people who influenced or participated in events, processes or phenomena;
It is necessary to mention causal relationships;
Use historical terminology in the essay;
Mistakes in facts are prohibited.

Historical writing should be connected, with correct logical conclusions.

4. Correctly allocate time on the exam.
To complete the examination work in history, 3 hours 55 minutes(235 minutes).

Examination paper consists of two parts:

1 part- 19 tasks with a short answer (word, phrase, date, name and surname of a historical figure);
part 2– 6 tasks with a detailed answer (analysis of a problem, a fragment of a historical document, an assessment of an event, a statement of a point of view).

Estimated time to complete individual tasks is:

for each task of part 1 - 3-7 minutes;
for each task of part 2 (except task 25) - 5–20 minutes;
for the task 25 - 40-80 minutes.

Points for each story task

The minimum passing score is 32.
The maximum you can score on the exam in history is 55.

1 point - for 1, 4, 10, 13, 14, 15, 18, 19 tasks.
2 points - 2, 3, 5-9, 12, 16, 17, 20, 21, 22.
3 points - 11, 23.
4 points - 24.
11 points - 25.

Evaluation system for the performance of individual tasks and work in general

A task with a short answer is considered completed correctly if the sequence of numbers, the required word (phrase) are correctly indicated.

The complete correct answer to tasks 1, 4, 10, 13–15, 18.19 is assessed 1 point; incomplete, incorrect answer or its absence - 0 points.

The complete correct answer to tasks 2, 3, 5–9, 12, 16, 17 is assessed 2 points; if one mistake is made (including one of the digits is missing or there is one extra digit) - 1 point; if two or more errors are made (including missing two or more digits or there are two or more extra digits) or there is no answer - 0 points.

A complete correct answer to task 11 is worth 3 points; if one mistake is made - 2 points; if two or three mistakes are made - 1 point; if four or more errors are made or there is no answer - 0 points.

Tasks of part 2 are evaluated depending on the completeness and correctness of the answer. For completing tasks 20, 21, 22, from 0 to 2 points; for task 23 - from 0 to 3 points; for task 24 - from 0 to 4 points; for task 25 - from 0 to 11 points. Task 25 is graded on .

Remember the time, the plan, and then you will certainly be able to pass the exam in history.

Happy preparation!

One of the elective subjects, which is indicated by the graduate in the application submitted before February 1, is the Unified State Examination in History 2018.

Specification (description of work, listed Required documents, reflected USE structure on history, a plan for a variant of KIM is given).
Codifier (a list of skills and topics that are tested on the exam in history. The codifier has an application that lists all events in history foreign countries, which will be checked in tasks No. 1 and No. 11).
Demo version of the exam in history (one version of the exam in history), with which you need to start preparing for the state exam in history.

The structure of KIM USE in history

Total 25 tasks

Part 1 Part 2

19 short answer tasks 6 long answer tasks

Part 1 includes the following tasks:

on knowledge of chronology (you need to know in what year, in what century an important historical event took place);
on knowledge of historical concepts and terms;
on knowledge of historical facts;
two tasks for the ability to work with historical sources;
on knowledge of historical figures;
to test the ability to work with information given in the form of a table;
to work with a historical map;
on knowledge of the facts of the history of culture;
to work with illustrative material.

Part 2 is 6 tasks that require a detailed answer, which must be written in your own words.

3 tasks (No. 20, No. 21, No. 22) - tasks for working with a historical source.

Task No. 20 involves the attribution of a historical source (attribution is the definition of authorship, determining the time of creation of a historical source, determining the events that this historical text refers to).
Task No. 21 is a task to search for information in a source.
Task number 22 - checking contextual knowledge.
Task No. 23 - a historical task or an analysis of the historical situation.
Task No. 24 to test to argue historical points of view. This is the most difficult task in the whole job.
Task number 25 - a historical essay.
The tasks of the first part can be considered tasks basic level, but the skills demonstrated by students in the second part refer to elevated level difficulties.

What skills should the graduate demonstrate?

Examiners expect the following skills from a graduate who takes the exam in history:

In the first part:

ability to work with historical sources, texts;
work with a historical map;
ability to work with illustrative material.

In the second part:

ability to argue in a historical essay;
solve historical problems.

History is the science of facts

History is a subject that requires knowledge. You can do a lot, but it is almost impossible to pass history well without knowing the facts. Need to know:

dates, years of certain events;
facts, events, processes and phenomena;
historical figures;
facts of the history of culture;
it is necessary to navigate in cause-and-effect relationships.

What difficulties do those who pass the exam in history have?

As a rule, the following tasks in the first part are difficult:

dedicated to the history of the Great Patriotic War (№8);
on knowledge of historical personalities, historical figures (No. 9);
on knowledge of the facts of the history of culture (No. 17);
for the analysis of illustrative material (No. 18 and No. 19).

In the second part with a detailed answer, there is also a task that turns out to be difficult for 11th grade students. This is an argument assignment (No. 24), where a certain debatable point of view that exists in historical science is presented, and graduates need to give 2 arguments from the point of view of supporters of this position and 2 arguments from the point of view of opponents.

The USE model in history is mobile; it has been improving over the course of several years. It has to do with the response public opinion- with the opinion of applicants, teachers, educators, the expert community. Special attention they devote to changes in the USE and politics, since the life of society is constantly changing, which should also be reflected in the tasks of the state exam in history.

The date of the exam in history will be known in January 2018.

O USE results on history in 2018 can be found in your educational organization or on the official website of the exam.

Tips for preparing for the exam in history can be found here:

The exam in history is necessary for students who plan to continue their studies in, and have already chosen the field of jurisprudence and law, sociology, art history, cultural studies, design or architecture for themselves. Despite the popularity of this subject among graduates, passing history is quite difficult - simple cramming will not help you in this discipline historical dates and learning the names of famous people.

To successfully pass the exam, students must operate historical facts, arguedly express their opinion, as well as understand the causes and consequences of events. Your score largely depends on how well you know the structure of CIMs and innovations in the latest ticket designs, so let's take a closer look at this issue.

When passing the exam in history, stupid memorization of facts will not help you!

Demo version of the USE-2018

USE dates in history

The final dates for the USE will be known only in January 2018. Until that moment, specialists from Rosobrnadzor will have to agree USE schedule in all subjects that are selected for examination control. However, already today it is possible to outline the approximate periods allotted for the final exam in history in 2018:

from March 22, 2018, the early stage of the examination starts, which will last until mid-April. Become a member early USE can be strictly regulated categories of graduates - for example, guys who graduated from a general education institution a year or two ago, underachieving students of previous years, as well as graduates of evening schools. Guys who are not going to go to university this year can sign up for an early exam, but plan to first serve in. Register for early surrender stories can be schoolchildren who change their place of residence, leaving Russia for personal reasons or to study in foreign university. The exception also includes schoolchildren who will be absent from the exam on the main dates for good reasons. Among such reasons, the Ministry of Education includes participation in sports, cultural or scientific events, as well as treatment or rehabilitation in medical institutions;
On May 28, 2018, the main examination period will begin. Testing in all subjects will last until the beginning of June;
From September 4, 2018, the schedule will include the days allotted for the additional passing of the exam.

Statistics for passing the exam in history

Static calculations confirm that the story is very popular among the eleventh graders. However, the complexity of this exam has led to a reduction in the number of graduates taking it. In 2017, 110 thousand schoolchildren (21% of all students) passed the examination, which is 49 thousand less than in 2016.

The success of passing the USE in this subject has increased significantly - only 8.7% of students did not overcome the threshold minimum of 32 points, which is almost two times less than last year's figures (15.9%). Only 96 guys managed to score the highest score. On average, this exam in 2016-2017 was passed by 46.7-48.2 points, which corresponds to the school level of the top three.

Innovations in the exam in history

So far, no cardinal changes have been observed in the structure and content of KIMs in the history. Of course, graduates of 2018 are interested in the question of whether history will be included in the list of required exams for obtaining a certificate. Rumors that this particular exam can add to the list of mandatory ones have been circulating since 2014. Officials representing the Ministry of Education and Science spread information last year that it is worth waiting for the introduction of the third mandatory exam in 2018.

Until 2020 school year history will still be an elective subject

Most specialists from the profile commissions considered that history - the best choice in this regard, because the knowledge of the history of their country among modern students is frankly lame. However, graduates of the 2017/2918 academic year can breathe a sigh of relief. According to Olga Vasilyeva, head of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, history will indeed become the third mandatory USE, but this will happen only in 2020.

Regulations for the exam in history

235 minutes are allotted to work with the examination sheet. The actions of students are strictly regulated, and a list of allowed and prohibited items has been approved. On history, you can not use any Additional materials– before students are allowed into the classroom, they will have to empty their pockets of foreign objects, which include not only cheat sheets, but also smartphones, cameras, headphones, tablets, smart watches and any other equipment that is immediately detected by the metal detector frame.

Examinees are not allowed to change seats, talk to neighbors, turn their heads in the hope of peeping the answer, or leave the classroom without the permission of a special member of the monitoring committee. The representative of the organizing committee must accompany the students to the first-aid post or the toilet room. Any action prohibited by the regulations will result in the removal of the graduate from the classroom and the annulment of his test.

What is included in the history ticket?

KIM covers the content of the school course in the history of Russia from ancient times to the present. In addition, tickets include assignments from world history relating to wars, diplomatic aspects, cultural milestones and economic relations between countries. Distinctive feature This exam is a huge layer of tasks that test knowledge of facts and dates, as well as identifying how students have analytical and information and communication skills. To successfully pass the exam, students must:

to systematize historical facts;
establish relationships of cause-and-effect and structural nature;
put into practice the skills of working with texts, tables, illustrations and maps;
justify your opinion using historical facts.

To pass, you will have to brush up on your school history course.

KIMs in history are structurally represented by 25 tasks, divided into two parts:

part 1 - 19 tasks in which students must choose and write down the correct answers, based on the proposed list; arrange these elements in a certain sequence; match or succinctly write the answer as a specific term, date, or name. In total, 31 primary points can be obtained for this part of the work (56.4% of all points for the ticket);
part 2 - 6 tasks, providing a detailed answer. Tasks of this type allow you to identify and evaluate the complex skills and knowledge of students. So, in tasks No. 20-22 you need to bring historical source extracting and analyzing the received information. In tasks 23 to 25 you have to study historical processes and phenomena, demonstrate the methods of causal, structural-functional, temporal and spatial analysis, in tasks 23 and 24 you will analyze the specified historical situation, and in task 25 you will write a short essay on the historical topics, choosing one of three periods in the history of Russia. In total, 24 primary points can be obtained for this part of the work (43.6% of all points for the ticket).

The maximum primary score for the entire work is 55.

It will be possible to complete the work for 235 minutes. FIPI experts recommend allocating time as follows:

for each task from part 1, take from 3 to 7 minutes;
to complete tasks from part 2 (not counting the essay) it will take from 5 to 20 minutes;
for task number 25 (essay) - from 40 to 80 minutes.

EGE assessment in history

Starting from last year, the scores that an eleventh grader received for the Unified State Examination have an impact on the certificate. Maximum score, which can be obtained for this exam, is 100. If we translate the score into a school system for assessing knowledge, then the picture looks something like this:

if the student scored 0-31 points, then he does not know the subject and receives a "deuce";
32-49 points are identical to the mark "three";
50-67 points scored for the test allow you to get a grade of "four";
from 68 points and above - this is the mark "excellent".

Students who want to enter a higher education institution must receive a minimum of 32 points on the test, but this is far from a guarantee of admission. To pass on the budget, most universities require that the history be passed at least 70 points. When it comes to prestigious educational institutions, then in this case, the student is required to have a certificate with 87 points and above.

How to prepare for the exam?

Preparing for the exam in history is not just cramming the dates and names that are found in the school course. This subject involves a significant creative component, so that every event that happened in the history of Russia or the world should not only be memorized, but also comprehended by its causes and consequences.

However, you should not neglect the structural component of the ticket either - if you take too long to figure out how the ticket is built and how to enter answers to tasks, you will lose precious time. To practice filling in the KIMs and understand what wording and historical milestones you will face on the exam in 2018, work through the demo version of the ticket (see links at the beginning of the article).

Passing the exam requires long-term and systematic independent work

Naturally, there is no need to memorize the demo version - the real ticket will differ significantly from the examples both in content and content, although in general the tasks are quite similar. In addition, when you receive a ticket at the exam that you are at least approximately familiar with, you will not be nervous and worried that you will not understand and confuse something when completing assignments.

Essay Requirements

Preparation for task No. 25 plays a huge role. Specialists from FIPI advise students to familiarize themselves with the topics of essays over the past years, and then prepare a short text for each of them. Follow the scheme developed by the methodologists so as not to miss any of the structural parts of the essay:

introduction- in this part it is necessary to outline the framework of the selected historical period;
main part- here you will have to describe several phenomena or events that have become significant for specified period time. In this part, the student should mention two historical figures who played important role in the events described, and reveal their influence on this historical period. Next, you need to analyze the cause-and-effect relationships between events and the consequences to which they led;
findings- a part in which you need to give an overall assessment of the selected period.

The commission will evaluate the essay based on the following criteria:

the correctness of these events (2 points);
the correct choice of historical figures and the competent definition of their role (2 points);
the accuracy of the causes and consequences of certain historical events (3 points);
fidelity in assessing the impact of this historical period on further fate Russia (1 point);