Enroll in psychology. The best second higher education programs in the field of psychology. Career steps and prospects
Psychology
The term “psychology” comes from two Greek words – psyche (soul, psyche) and logos (word, teaching), i.e. Psychology is a science that studies the psyche, and a psychologist is a specialist who understands human feelings and patterns of behavior.
In modern society, the role of psychologists, whose activities are aimed at achieving successful interaction between people, as well as efficient functioning and the development of each individual personality is steadily increasing. Psychologists are in demand in various fields social practice, training, business communication, in the field of interpersonal and family relations, in the field modern business and marketing, advertising and PR. These types of applications are developing rapidly psychological knowledge, as political, legal, religious psychology; the role of psychologists in enterprises and organizations for the development of corporate culture, team building, resolving personnel issues and employee motivation systems.
Majors and specializations in psychology
After 5 years of full-time study in the specialty “Psychology”, a university graduate is awarded the qualification “psychologist” or “psychology teacher”.
In the field of Psychology, two-level training is also possible at Moscow universities. After 4 years full-time training At the first level of undergraduate studies at a university, the graduate is awarded a bachelor's degree in psychology. Graduates of bachelor's and specialist's degrees can continue their education at a university in the field of psychology at the second level higher education in the master's program and after 2 years of full-time study receive a master's degree in psychology.
Within the framework of the main specialty “Psychology”, universities provide training in one or more specializations, which involves teaching a number of special disciplines. Most often, Moscow universities offer the following specializations:
- Social psychology
- Labor psychology and organizational psychology
- Developmental psychology, age psychology
- Psychological counseling
- Psychologist-analyst (in an organization).
Moscow universities offer several more specializations in the specialty “Psychology”, differing in the field of future professional activity of the graduate: “Political psychology”, “Business psychology”, “Psychology of advertising (and marketing)”, “Psychology of creativity”, “Legal psychology”, “Psychology” education".
What are they studying?
In addition to a wide range of general professional disciplines, future university graduates in the field of psychology study a number of subjects from related fields of knowledge: medicine, sociology, law, political science, pedagogy. Much attention V educational programs universities devote themselves to studying foreign language, computer science and mathematics.
A feature of all higher psychological education programs without exception is their pronounced practical orientation. To work with such fragile material as the human psyche, in addition to the theoretical, an expanded practical training– university students in the field of psychology undergo several cycles of specialized practice in centers practical psychology, the most effective of which is considered to be working on a helpline.
Where do psychologists work and how much do they earn?
The widest sphere of practical activity is for psychologists and specialists in social and organizational psychology. They can work: in the government apparatus, in universities, research institutes and laboratories, the armed forces and structures of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, in public opinion research centers, on helplines, in firms, banks, enterprises, trade organizations, in personnel and psychological services of institutions and enterprises, career guidance and career counseling centers, advertising agencies, healthcare organizations and social protection. The salary of social psychologists is from 500 US dollars per month.
Specialists in developmental psychology are welcome in preschool and school educational and educational institutions, in universities and colleges, in centers for training specialists in production, in employment centers, in psychological and family consultations, in various centers for working with children, adolescents, and youth. The salaries of these specialists are low - from 500 US dollars per month.
Psychologists-consultants on personality problems are in demand in centers of medical, psychological and social assistance to the population, centers early development and education of children, in counseling centers on family and marriage issues, in centers for working with offenders, in the system of private psychological and psychotherapeutic practice. Psychological counseling, a higher-paying activity, typically has an hourly fee, starting at $25 per hour.
Consulting psychologists specializing in organizational problems will find work in consulting companies, recruitment agencies, personnel management services, in the air traffic control system, the Ministry of Emergency Situations and others law enforcement agencies, employment centers, in government institutions related to the provision psychological assistance. Psychologist-analysts working in large companies receive from $1,000 per month.
Sociology
The term “sociology” is derived from two words: Latin societas (“society”) and Greek logos (“teaching, concept”), i.e. sociology is the science of society. The tasks of sociology include: analysis of modern social problems society and individuals social groups; diagnosis, explanation, prediction and optimization social processes And social relations; their regulation and management. To solve these problems, sociology uses quantitative (mathematical, statistical) and qualitative (group interviews) research methods.
Need modern society in sociology and sociologists is great. Sociology itself deals with the study of public opinion on the most important socio-political and economic issues, for example, problems pricing policy, satisfaction with the standard of living, ratings of politicians and political parties. In addition, there is a large field of applied sociology in which sociologists can study:
- marketing activities in companies and enterprises;
- analytical work in the media (television, radio, press, Internet);
- calculating the effectiveness of advertising campaigns in agencies;
- studying the opinion of the electorate and other political technologies;
- conducting research in the field of personnel management;
- information and analytical work on risk management, etc.
Majors and specializations in sociology
There are two ways to obtain a higher education in sociology. Five years of full-time study at a university provide the opportunity to acquire the specialty “Sociology” with a large number of specializations. The second option for obtaining the profession of a sociologist at a Moscow university is two-level training in bachelor's (4 years) and master's (2 years). The bachelor's degree in sociology also has specializations. The most common specializations in Moscow universities:
- "Applied methods of sociological research"
- "Economic Sociology"
- "Sociology of Marketing, PR and Advertising"
- "Sociology of Mass Communications"
- "Sociology of Politics"
- "Sociology and psychology of management"
In order to do their job professionally, future sociology graduates must study a wide range of social sciences and large number disciplines from related fields: political science, psychology, management, economics, law, advertising, marketing. Students must undergo serious mathematical training, including knowledge of mathematical statistics, methods and techniques of sociological research, and master the methodology for creating and using models for predicting social phenomena. Much attention in the training program for sociologists at universities is given to new information technology, application computer technology for processing sociological information.
Where do they work and how much do they earn?
Future sociology graduates can begin professional activity from senior years as interviewers. The interviewer conducts an interview with a focus group of people, based on which he searches for general characteristics, and groups them by type. University students can carry out sociological research and within the walls of the home university, for example, to conduct a rating assessment of the work of individual teachers and the entire university as a whole.
After graduating from a university in the field of sociology, you can build your career in two main areas: scientific activity or applied research. A scientific career, unfortunately, does not pay well: a starting salary of $500 can rise to $1,000 only if you become a project manager. In marketing, advertising and media activities, you can immediately count on 600-800 US dollars with an increase in salary for a year of work up to 1,500 dollars. Fees for experienced political strategists reach $10,000.
Sociologists can study public opinion in analytical centers, provide sociological support for election campaigns, carry out expert and consulting work in government and business structures, in the field of PR. Sociologists can work in scientific institutes, including international research, and educational institutes in teaching and administrative positions. Sociologists are indispensable in personnel services companies and enterprises, can work as risk managers, engage in research activities in sociological monitoring centers.
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Psychologist(Ancient Greek psycho - soul; logos - knowledge), (English - psychologist) - a specialist in the field of psychology who studies the state of mind and the laws of correction of human behavior, using this knowledge to assist in resolving personal problems, adaptation to the environment, improvement psychological climate in families and groups. The profession is suitable for those who are interested in biology and psychology (see choosing a profession based on interest in school subjects).
The main task of a psychologist is to help a person find harmony with himself and the world around him, to develop behavioral mechanisms that allow a person to become more creative in relation to his life, and to help identify his psychological resources.
There is a significant difference between the related professions “psychologist”, “psychotherapist” and “psychiatrist”. Psychotherapist and psychiatrist are doctors who graduated from medical educational institutions. A psychologist receives an education in the specialty “Psychology” at the psychological faculties of specialized universities and is not a doctor. The subject of a psychologist’s activity is not a pathological disorder of a person’s psyche, but his state of mind and inner world.
Psychologist is one of those professions that becomes part of its carrier. When you become a psychologist, you become one forever! Watching your children, communicating with family and friends, you cannot help but use your professional knowledge and experience. Subject of study of psychology - human soul- inexhaustible. The ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle wrote in his treatise “On the Soul” that, among other knowledge, research about the soul should be given one of the first places, since “it is knowledge about the most sublime and amazing.” But even the best psychologist cannot give a one hundred percent universal recipe for getting rid of all problems. He looks for ways to solve the problem together with the person who needs help, helps to find internal resources body. A psychologist gives a person the opportunity to look at life in general and at the problem itself from a different angle, guiding a person to the idea that our life is in our hands.
Features of the profession
The main activities of a psychologist:
Psychological diagnostics (testing) is the study of the individual characteristics of the human psyche using tests, experiments, observations and interviews.
Counseling is confidential communication between a psychologist and a client to find ways to solve problems.
Psychological training - active training in ways of emotional self-regulation, problem solving and personal growth with the help of psychological games and exercises followed by discussion of the results.
A psychologist is in demand in modern world. Child psychologists work in schools and kindergartens, helping children adapt to new conditions faster and easier. School psychologist determines the child’s readiness for school, conducts individual work with difficult children, provides career guidance to high school students, conducting various trainings.
Enterprises need a psychologist to adapt young specialists, to establish relationships in the team, to study the influence of labor factors on the human psyche, to recruit personnel, to motivate and evaluate personnel. A family psychologist advises families with problems. A sports psychologist sets the athlete up for a winning result and solves the related psychological problems. Clinical psychologist works in psychiatric hospitals (helping the psychiatrist make a more accurate diagnosis and participating in individual and group psychotherapy), trust services, and rehabilitation centers, where he works as a psychotherapist with people who have suffered psychological trauma, confused in circumstances, seriously ill people, drug addicts, HIV-infected people, if necessary, connecting a psychiatrist to treatment. In prison, a psychologist must help prisoners adapt to normal life after release.
Psychologists can find bright applications in politics and business.
Pros and cons of the profession
Pros of the profession:
- interesting creative work
- the opportunity to take part in solving real people's problems
- the need for constant professional improvement and, in connection with this, the opportunity for personal growth
- the ability to use professional knowledge in everyday life
- knowledge and change of oneself, one’s attitude to the events of the surrounding world
Disadvantages of the profession:
- mental fatigue, emotional burnout
- Difficulties in accepting the client’s worldview and in the desire to be sure to give useful advice
- experiencing the client's problems as one's own
Place of work
- psychological centers
- private psychological consulting companies
- educational and medical institutions
- commercial companies and non-psychological enterprises
- helplines
Important qualities
- high general and emotional intelligence
- ability to listen carefully and hear people
- tolerance
- ability to empathize and calm
- tact
- responsibility
- observation
- emotional stability
- optimism and self-confidence
- creativity
Remuneration
The profession of a psychologist is relevant and in demand these days. The salary depends on the place of work and the responsibilities of the psychologist. The highest paying is private practice, where earnings also depend on the number of clients and consultations.
Salary as of 04/04/2019
Russia 11280—40000 ₽
Moscow 15000—70000 ₽
Training of psychologists
In this course you can obtain the profession of psychologist remotely in 3 months and 15,000 rubles:
- One of the most affordable prices in Russia;
— Diploma of professional retraining of the established form;
— Training in a completely distance format;
— Certificate of compliance with professional standards worth 10,000 rubles. as a gift!
— The largest educational institution of additional professional education. education in Russia.
The Interregional Academy of Industrial and Construction Complex (MASPK) invites you to obtain a specialty within the framework of the courses additional education. Pass professional retraining in MASCP it is possible in the format distance learning, located in any region of Russia and abroad. The Academy offers high-quality additional education and flexible prices.
Higher educational institutions with a psychology department are present in almost any city or regional center.
Career steps and prospects
Possibilities career growth, basically, come down to professional improvement, which allows you to become a sought-after and highly paid specialist. You can create own business aimed at providing psychological services. In order to work at a high professional level and be constantly in demand on the labor market, fundamental education is not enough; it is necessary to regularly take additional advanced training courses and learn a variety of methods of psychological diagnostics and non-medical psychotherapy.
Famous psychologists
Famous psychologists: Wilhelm Wundt, William James, W.M., Sigmund Freud, Carl G. Jung, Wilhelm Reich, A.N. Leontiev, A.R. Luria, Eric Berne, Milton Erickson, Virginia Satir, Abraham Maslow, Viktor Frankl, Erich Fromm, Carl Rogers and others.
Psychology was formed from the foundations of such sciences as astronomy, philosophy, and occult sciences. The first representatives of “healers of souls” can be called healers, sorcerers, and shamans. The positive effect of their “treatment” occurred in to a greater extent, from the power of suggestion than from the use of medicinal agents. And only in the 18th century were the first attempts made to scientifically substantiate their influence on humans. The founder of psychology as a science is considered to be Wilhelm Wundt, who in 1879 opened the world's first psychological laboratory, where he conducted research into the phenomena of consciousness using the method of introspection. This year is considered the year of birth of psychology as a science.
About psychologists with humor
Mentally healthy people does not happen, there are poorly examined ones!
An optimist sees light at the end of the tunnel. A pessimist sees a train coming towards him. And only a psychologist sees two idiots sitting on the rails!
A psychologist is like a true friend - a person who will hold your hand and feel your heart.
When planning to enroll in the Faculty of Psychology, what to take is the first question that future students ask. Psychological education has become especially popular among applicants over the last couple of decades. This is largely due to the spread among the masses of such a serious and meaningful science as psychology: in lately there has been an increased interest in intrapersonal mental processes and their influence on all spheres of life and activity of man and society. Another reason why people pursue a psychology degree is the desire to learn to understand themselves and those around them in order to become successful and happy themselves and to help others achieve mental well-being.
However, today people turn to a specialist with a psychological education not only in private: the flourishing of the profession is associated with the fact that private and government organizations. Employee providing psychological support personnel, is responsible not only for personnel selection, but also for solving such problems as motivating employees, creating a harmonious psychological climate at work, in a company or organization, developing and training personnel, and resolving conflict situations.
Each has a position of a full-time psychologist or its own psychological service. large company, which persists even during a crisis, since the importance of the work of a psychologist is realized. Yesterday's graduates do not experience serious problems with employment: psychological education allows you to find application in various areas– from individual consulting to business training.
Applicants to the Faculty of Psychology are interested in what they have to take, because the career of a psychologist - regardless of his field of activity - begins with successful admission. The standard set of subjects that future psychologists must demonstrate knowledge of is the Russian language, biology and mathematics. In fact, these subjects are taken at school - at the end of the 11th grade, in the format of a single state exam(USE). And if tests in the Russian language and mathematics are mandatory for all students completing their studies at school, then additional subjects - and in in this case This is biology - you will have to take it on a voluntary basis.
It is worth bearing in mind that in some cases a higher education institution may additionally schedule its own internal examination in one of these subjects. However, for successful admission, a certificate of passing the Unified State Exam will still be required for each of the subjects.
Passing grade at the Faculty of Psychology
For admission to Faculty of Psychology passing score is not established either by the Ministry of Education and Science or by the university itself on an individual basis. This indicator is based on the results general competition during the enrollment process, so it is unlikely that you will be able to know in advance whether you are a competitive applicant, unless, of course, the number of points you scored on the Unified State Exam in the required subjects is not higher than the statistical average. To assess your chances of admission, you can look at the passing scores for the selected faculty for previous years.
Thus, if you are enrolling in the Faculty of Psychology, you will find out the passing score at your university for the current year only during the period of admission, and even if it is lower than your score personal Unified State Examination, this cannot be a guarantee of enrollment. However, those entering on a contract basis or on correspondence form training will be much easier to compete with other applicants: in the first case it is usually enough minimum points in specialized subjects, and in the second - the barrier for scores is significantly lower.
And if you have any doubts, know that the admissions committee of the chosen university will answer all your questions!
If you decide to get a second degree in psychology, it is important to decide on your specialization and decide where you plan to work - in a clinic, a scientific organization, teach, or go into business.
Although at first glance psychology education appears to be quite specialized, there are many possibilities for its application. Let's look at some of them - this will make it much easier to navigate this type of education and decide on the direction of study.
Where to go for a psychologist
The most common area of work for psychologists is healthcare and social work. Having a second higher education in psychology will allow you to take an entry-level position in the field of clinical psychology or individual counseling. Another profession that hires people with psychological education is a social worker.
It is important to understand that for rapid career growth in the field of psychology, you will need to study further - in a master's program or in other types of additional education. However, this is true for almost all medical professions.
University graduates with a degree in Psychology are also in demand in universities themselves or in scientific organizations. Here, however, further education will also be necessary - in graduate school or master's degree.
Good psychologists also needed in government agencies(for example, to conduct various studies and surveys), as well as in private companies, especially in marketing agencies, or in the positions of HR managers.
Admission
Today, a fairly large number of universities offer second higher education programs in Moscow and other cities in the field of psychology. However, it is not at all necessary to spend several years and a fairly impressive amount of money on training in such programs (usually 3–4 years). The same universities offer a choice of different additional education programs in psychology (this also includes master’s programs, retraining programs, etc.)
When enrolling in a second higher education program in psychology, you need a diploma or certificate of completion of your first higher education, and it doesn’t matter in what field.
Formally Russian universities do not require a medical diploma for admission to master's programs in psychology, but you will still have to take an exam in the Psychology specialty. In principle, you can prepare yourself, but from experience admissions committees leading universities, such preparation may not be enough. For these purposes, many universities have special continuing education programs where you can complete the basic disciplines of the psychology course in one year (or six months) and prepare for the exam.
Education
Let's take a closer look at what programs in psychology as a second higher or additional education are offered by Russian universities.
Moscow state university them. M.V. Lomonosov. Faculty of Psychology
Moscow State University invites you to a master's degree program (also known as a second higher education) in psychology, and strongly advises those whose first higher education is not related to psychology to take an additional education course “Fundamentals of Psychology” lasting 1 year. Education is evening and lasts 2.5 years, and together with preparatory courses - 3.5. In addition, there are a number of professional retraining and advanced training programs.
Institute of Psychology and Clinical Psychology (IPiKP)
In the specialty “Psychology,” training here lasts 3–4 years (full-time or part-time), and in the specialty “ Clinical Psychology» – 4.5–5 years.
Institute of Practical Psychology and Psychoanalysis
At this institute in absentia or on evening department You can get a second higher education degree in the specialization “Psychological counseling, psychocorrection, psychotherapy.” At the institute special attention pay attention to practice, which students begin to undergo in real companies and clinics, starting from the first year.
This university offers such a huge selection of psychology programs that it’s dizzying. A second higher education in the specialty “Psychologist” or “Clinical Psychologist” can be obtained in the evening or correspondence department and even remotely (only “Psychologist”). There are also master's and postgraduate courses in Psychology. In addition, there are 30 professional retraining programs in the field of psychoanalysis, practical psychology and psychotherapy, as well as 26 advanced training programs.
Moscow City Psychological and Pedagogical University
In the specialty “Clinical Psychology”, students study in second higher education programs in full-time, part-time and contract forms.
Graduate School of Psychology
At this university, the second degree in psychology is called “Accelerated Higher Education.” In accordance with specializations, practice is carried out in various socio-psychological centers, preschool and school educational institutions, specialized correctional schools, Research Institute of Neurosurgery named after. N.N. Burdenko, Scientific center mental health RAMS, consulting and training companies, educational and training centers, recruitment agencies, career guidance centers