Medical preventive business who can work. International Journal of Applied and Basic Research

1. Order of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection Russian Federation On approval of the professional standard "Specialist in the field of medical and preventive care" No. 339n on June 25, 2015". [Electronic resource]. Access mode: http://base.garant.ru/71138360/9 (Accessed 08.12.16.).

Faculty of Preventive Medicine, one of the youngest faculties of the Kuban medical university, was founded in 1998. Graduates of the Faculty of Preventive Medicine are in demand in the bodies and organizations of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare, including:

Departments of Rospotrebnadzor in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation as state civil servants exercising supervision in the field of ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population and protecting consumer rights in the following areas: organization of supervision, epidemiological surveillance, supervision of living conditions of the population, supervision of the nutritional conditions of the population , supervision of working conditions, supervision of the conditions for the upbringing and education of children and adolescents, supervision of radiation safety;

Research institutions of Rospotrebnadzor;

Various institutions subordinate to the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation: hospitals, clinics, rehabilitation centers, perinatal centers;

Organizations of sanitary and hygienic, epidemiological and microbiological profile, preventive institutions and sanitary and epidemiological services of other ministries and departments;

Organizations and enterprises obliged to exercise production control over compliance with the mandatory requirements of sanitary and epidemiological legislation;

Design and other organizations that carry out expert activities for compliance with the mandatory requirements of the legislation in the field of ensuring sanitary and epidemiological well-being.

In the current situation, an effective measure is the training of specialists in the target area - at present, 32 students (16%) are studying in the target area at the Faculty of Medicine and Prevention. The Dean's Office of the Faculty of Preventive Medicine systematically organizes meetings with graduates and representatives of the Rospotrebnadzor service - chief physicians of the territorial departments of the Territory's Rospotrebnadzor and departments of the Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Krasnodar Territory. In addition, already from the 1st year of study, students of the Faculty of Medicine and Prevention have the opportunity to meet with leading representatives of the service at "master classes" and lectures, which are annually organized by the service of the region together with the dean's office.

By 2016, KubGMU graduated 200 specialists in "Medical and preventive work". In questionnaires, with the help of an active survey (by telephone), as well as by social networks 150 graduates (75%) took part, including 76% of women and 24% of men. It was found that 24% of graduates work in the service of Rospotrebnadzor, 38% in the Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology, 7% in hospital epidemiology, 5% are engaged in teaching, 9% in clinical and laboratory diagnostics, 4% continue their education, 2% in law enforcement agencies, 11% in other areas. Eighty-five percent of the respondents are satisfied with their place of work, and 80% of graduates consider the choice of the Faculty of Medicine and Prevention to be correct, but only 29% are satisfied with their salary. Teaching at Kuban State Medical University is focused on the practical training of specialists: seventy-five percent of respondents say that practical training is sufficient for further work. Eighty-three percent of graduates indicated that they did not encounter difficulties in finding employment, and at present many of them are in charge of structural divisions of Rospotrebnadzor, FBUZ "Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Krasnodar Territory" and other subjects of the Russian Federation. The successful work of graduates is evidenced by letters of thanks from employers about the high-quality training of specialists addressed to KubGMU. 80% of the desire to change profession did not arise. Graduates of the Faculty of Preventive Medicine consider professional literacy, communication skills, hard work, dedication and responsibility to be the main personal and professional qualities for further work.

Employment analysis and professional activity of graduates of the medical and preventive faculty of Kuban State Medical University testifies to the practical absence of difficulties for them in finding a job and successful implementation in the profession.

Bibliographic link

Kiyok O.V. ANALYSIS OF EMPLOYMENT OF GRADUATES OF HEALTH AND PREVENTIVE FACULTY OF KUBAN STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY // International Journal of Applied and Fundamental Research. - 2017. - No. 4-1. - P. 132-134;
URL: https://applied-research.ru/ru/article/view?id=11319 (date of access: 04/08/2019). We bring to your attention the journals published by the publishing house "Academy of Natural History"

Previously, this state standard had the number 040300 (according to the Classifier of areas and specialties of higher professional education)
Appendix N 3 to the order

Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation

State educational

standard

higher professional education

Speciality

Qualification Doctor

Entered from the moment of approval

00
1. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SPECIALTY

040300 – Medical and preventive work

1.1. The specialty is approved by order of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation (

order of the State Committee for Higher Education from the Russian Federation 03/05/94 No. 180).

1.2. Graduate qualification - Doctor.

The normative term for mastering the main educational program of training in the specialty 040300 - Medical and preventive

a business with full-time education - six years, with part-time (evening) education - six and a half years.

1.3. Qualification characteristics of the graduate.

In accordance with the qualification of a doctor in the specialty of Medical and Preventive Care, as a result of university education, a graduate should be prepared for professional activities in institutions of the sanitary and epidemiological service, which ensures the achievement of a set of ultimate learning goals with specific activities and skills.

A doctor - a graduate in the specialty 040300 Medical and preventive work has the right to carry out medical and preventive activities only under the supervision of certified specialists. He also has the right to occupy medical positions not related to the direct management of patients - research and laboratory activities in theoretical and fundamental areas of medicine.

The ultimate goals of university graduate training are:

Organization and management of the sanitary - epidemiological service;
Carrying out measures to prevent the incidence of the population;
Diagnosis and treatment of diseases and pathological conditions;
Hygienic education and training of the population;
Conducting scientific and practical research.

A doctor - a graduate in the specialty 040300 Medical and preventive work is prepared to solve the following tasks:

Work in the system of bodies and institutions of the sanitary and epidemiological service and medical and preventive care for the population;
Assessment of the health status of the population;
Assessment of the state of the human environment, as well as other factors that determine the state of health of the population;
Possession of the algorithm for making a clinical and epidemiological diagnosis, the basics of emergency medical care and prevention for certain diseases;
Organization of sanitary and epidemiological supervision

;

Implementation of educational and pedagogical activity;

Independent work with information (educational, scientific, regulatory and reference literature, other sources).

1.4. Opportunities to continue the education of a graduate - a Doctor who has mastered the main educational program of higher professional education in the specialty 040300 - Medical and preventive

a business.

The graduate is prepared to continue education in internship, residency and postgraduate studies in postgraduate professional education programs.

2. REQUIREMENTS FOR THE LEVEL OF PREPARATION OF THE APPLICANT

2.1. Previous level of education of the applicant

secondary (complete) general education.

2.2. The applicant must have a document state standard on secondary (complete) general education or secondary vocational education, if it contains a record of the bearer receiving secondary (complete) general education or higher vocational education.

3.GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR BASIC EDUCATIONAL

GRADUATE TRAINING PROGRAM ON SPECIALTY

040300 – Medical and preventive work

3.1. The main educational program for the preparation of a sanitary doctor is developed on the basis of this state educational standard and includes a curriculum, programs of academic disciplines, programs of educational and industrial practices.

3.2. The requirements for the mandatory minimum content of the basic educational program for the training of a sanitary doctor, for the conditions for its implementation and the timing of its development are determined by this state educational standard.

3.3. The main educational program for the preparation of a Doctor consists of disciplines of the federal component, disciplines of the national-regional (university) component, disciplines of the student's choice, as well as optional disciplines. Disciplines and courses of the student's choice in each cycle should substantially complement the disciplines specified in the federal component of the cycle.

3.4. The main educational program for the preparation of a Doctor should provide for the student to study the following cycles of disciplines and the final state certification:

GSE cycle - general humanitarian and socio-economic disciplines;

the EN cycle - general mathematical and natural sciences;

OPD cycle - general professional disciplines;

cycle DS - specialty disciplines;

FTD - electives.

4. MANDATORY MINIMUM MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS

BASIC EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM

TRAINING OF A DOCTOR BY SPECIALTY

040300 – Medical and preventive work

	Name of disciplines and their main sections	Total hours (total labor intensity)

	Humanitarian and socio-economic disciplines
	Federal component:
	Foreign language. Consolidation of the program high school, the study of new lexical and grammatical material necessary for reading and translating original foreign literature in the specialty. Various types of speech activity, reading, etc., allowing the use of a foreign language as a means of professional communication (written and oral). Text processing skills in the specialty to use the information received for professional purposes: translation, annotation, summarizing (in native and foreign languages). Oral communication skills (listening, dialogical and monologue speech), allowing you to participate in professional communication with foreign colleagues in the scope of the topics indicated in the program for the discipline "foreign language" for students of medical and pharmaceutical universities
	Physical Culture
	National history. The history of Russia as an integral part of the history of mankind. The main patterns and features of world history through the prism of national Russian history. The impact of Russian history on the world process. Ideas about the history of mankind and its main stages as an important factor in the formation of value orientations and determining the civic position of modern man. Problems of methodology of history; correlation of political, economic, spiritual factors in history; the role of religion and religious beliefs. Criteria for knowledge of history; types and forms of civilizations. New approaches to the problem of "man in history"; the history of everyday life, lifestyle and customs; political leaders, commanders and reformers in history. Social history, interaction of revolutions and reforms. The place and role of Russia, Russian civilization and culture in the history of mankind. Character traits European and Eastern civilizations. The main stages of world history. Ancient world: the role of ancient heritage for European culture; the contribution of the Eastern civilizations (China, India, the Arab East, etc.); Russia and the nomadic world. Middle Ages: Formation nation states; authoritarian power and the emergence of class representation; humanism and reformation; the role of Christianity in European civilization; formation of Orthodoxy in Russia. New history: the history of geographical discoveries that expanded the boundaries of the world; industrial revolution and its consequences; The 18th century is the century of enlightenment and humanism; Russia opens a window to Europe; Russian reforms and reformers in the 19th century; the contribution of Russian culture to world culture. Recent history (XX century): the role of X X centuries in world history; globalization of social processes; the problem of economic growth and modernization; social transformation of society; clash of internationalism and nationalism, integration and separatism, democracy and authoritarianism. WorldAnd local wars; the role of the Soviet Union in the victory over fascism; history cold war. Scientific and technological revolution and its impact on the course of social development; integration of science and education. Russian factor in the political, social and spiritual history of the XX century. Geopolitical changes in the world at the turn of the 1800-90s.
	Culturology. Structure and composition of modern cultural knowledge. Culturology and philosophy of culture, sociology of culture, cultural anthropology. Culturology and history of culture. Theoretical and applied cultural studies. Methods of cultural research. Basic concepts of cultural studies: culture, civilization, morphology of culture, functions of culture, subject of culture, cultural genesis, dynamics of culture, language and symbols of culture, cultural codes, intercultural communications, cultural values and norms, cultural traditions, cultural picture of the world, social institutions of culture, cultural self-identity, cultural modernization. Typology of cultures. Ethnic and national, elite and popular culture. Eastern and Western types of cultures. Specific and "middle" cultures. local cultures. The place and role of Russia in world culture. Tendencies of cultural universalization in the world modern process. cultureand nature. Culture and Society. culture and global problems modernity. Culture and personality. Enculturation and socialization.
	Political science. Object, subject and method of political science. Functions of political science. Political life and power relations. The role and place of politics in the life of modern societies. Social Features politicians. History political doctrines. Russian political tradition: origins, socio-cultural foundations, historical dynamics. Modern political schools. civil society, its origin and features. Features of the formation of civil society in Russia. Institutional aspects of politics. Political power. Political system. political regimes, political parties, electoral systems. Politicalrelationships and processes. Political conflicts and ways to resolve them. political technologies. Political management. Political modernization. Political organizations and movements. political elites. political leadership. Sociocultural aspects of politics. Global politics And international relationships. Features of the world political process. National-state interests of Russia in the new geopolitical situation. Methodology of cognition of political reality. Paradigms of political knowledge. Expert political knowledge; political analytics and forecasting.
	Jurisprudence. Medical law, bioethics and deontology are important regulatory systems in the field of protecting the health of citizens. State and law. Their role in society. Rules of law and normative-legal acts. Legal awareness and legal culture of a doctor. The main legal systems of modernity. International law as a special system of law. Sources of Russian law. Law and regulations. The system of Russian law. Branches of law as guarantors of ensuring the rights of citizens in the field of health protection. Offense and legal responsibility. Importance of law and order in modern society. Constitutional state. The Constitution of the Russian Federation is the fundamental law of the state. Constitutional rights of citizens to health care and medical care. Features of the federal structure of Russia. The system of public authorities in the Russian Federation. Legal bases of public health management. Medical law. Fundamentals of the legislation of the Russian Federation on the protection of the health of citizens. The rights of patients and medical workers. The concept of civil law. Individuals and legal entities. Ownership. Obligations in civil law and responsibility for their violation. Compensation for harm caused by improper provision of medical care. Inheritance law. Marriage and family relations. Mutual rights and obligations of spouses, parents and children. Family law liability. The secret of the adoption of a child. Family planning concept. Labor contract(the contract). Labor discipline and responsibility for its violation. Features of labor regulation of medical workers. Administrative offenses and administrative responsibility. The concept of crime. Criminal liability for committing crimes. Professional and official offenses of medical personnel and their prevention. environmental law. Peculiarities legal regulation future professional activity. Legal basis for the protection of state secrets. Medical secrecy. Legislative and normative-legal acts in the field of information protection and state secrets. Actual problems medicine and law.
	Psychology. Subject, object and methods of psychology. The role of psychological knowledge in the work of a doctor. The main scientific schools of modern psychology. Individual, personality, individuality. The influence of the patient's personality on the onset, course of the disease and the possibility of the disease affecting his psyche. Personality of a doctor as a factor of patient's trust in him. The structure of the psyche. Relationship between consciousness and the unconscious. Behavior levels. Modern views about learning. Behavioral approach to understanding abnormal behavior. Behavior modification from the standpoint of learning. Learning and personality. Psychological characteristics of activity as a purely human behavior. Conscious and automated components of activity. Will as a conscious organization and self-regulation by the personality of its activity. The concept of frustration. Mechanisms of intrapsychic protection. Personal development in activity and health. The doctor and the patient as partners in the management of activities aimed at the health of the patient. Behavior motivation. Conscious and unconscious motives Motives and meaning. Motivation and health. Motivation and disease. The psychological meaning of the disease. Perception of the world. Properties of perception as a subjective image of the world. subliminal perception. Perception in the treatment and diagnostic process. The inner picture of health. Internal picture of the disease. Therapeutic effect. cognitive processes . emotional processes. Emotional provision of behavior. Emotional factors. The psychology of grief. Prevention of fear and anxiety. Psychology of communication. Features of professional communication of a physician. Transfer and countertransfer. Channels of communication, Psychology of groups. Group structure and its dimension. group dynamics. Physician as a member of a professional group. therapy groups. The family is like a small group. Pedagogy. Object, subject, tasks, functions, methods of pedagogy. The main categories of pedagogy: education, upbringing, training, pedagogical activity, pedagogical interaction, pedagogical technology, pedagogical task. Medical Pedagogy. Pedagogical aspects of the doctor's professional activity. Education of patients, medical personnel. Educational programs in work with the patient's family.
	Russian language and culture of speech. Styles of the modern Russian language. Vocabulary, grammar, syntax, functional and stylistic composition of book speech. Conditions for the functioning of colloquial speech and the role of extralinguistic factors. Linguistic and extralinguistic factors of public speech. Sphere of functioning, species diversity, linguistic features official business style. Interpenetration of styles The specificity of elements of all language levels in scientific speech. Genre differentiation, selection language tools in journalistic style. Features of oral public speech. speaker and his audience. Main types of arguments. Speech preparation: choice of topic, purpose of speech, search for material, beginning, deployment and end of the speech. Basic methods of searching for material and types of auxiliary materials. Verbal form of public speaking. Clarity, informativeness and expressiveness of public speech. Language formulas of official documents. Language unification techniques official documents. International properties of the Russian official business writing. Language and style of administrative documents. Language and style of commercial correspondence. Language and style of instructive and methodological documents. Advertising in business speech. Documentation rules. Speech etiquette in the document. Basic units of communication (speech event, speech situation, speech interaction). normative, communicative, ethical aspects oral and written speech. The culture of speech and the improvement of literate writing and speaking (literary pronunciation, semantic stress, word order functions, word usage). Non-verbal means of communication. Speech norms of educational and scientific fields of activity.
	Sociology. Background and socio-philosophical premises of sociology as a science. Sociological project of O. Kont. Classical sociological theories. Modern sociological theories. Russian sociological thought. Society and social institutions. World system and processes of globalization. Social groups and communities. Types of communities. community and personality. Small groups and collectives. social organization. social movements. Social inequality, stratification and social mobility. The concept of social status. Social interaction and social relations. Public opinion as an institution of civil society. Culture as a factor of social change. The interaction of the economy, social relations and culture. Personality as social type. Social control and deviation. Personality as an active subject. social change. Social revolutions and reforms. The concept of social progress. Formation of the world system. Russia's place in the world community. Methods of sociological research.
	Philosophy. The subject of philosophy. Place and role of philosophy in culture (medicine). Historical types and trends in philosophy. Main stages historical development philosophical thought. Philosophy in the development of Russian spirituality. The structure of philosophical knowledge Genesis. The concept of spirit, matter and consciousness, space, time and movement. Life as a specific form of motion of matter. Scientific, philosophical and religious pictures of the world. Dialectics, its principles and universal laws. Development, its models and laws. Organic evolution on Earth. Ontological status of earthly life. Man, society, culture. Human and nature. Production and its role in human life. Society and its structure. Man in the system of social relations. Man as a creator and creation of culture. Love and creativity in human life. Man and historical process, personality and masses, freedom and necessity. The meaning of life and human activity. Cognition. The ratio of opinion, faith, understanding, interpretation and knowledge. Rational and empirical knowledge. Irrational cognition: intuition in medicine. Reflection of the world in consciousness as knowledge. Creative “construction” of knowledge. Practice. The science. Scientific and non-scientific knowledge. Truth and its criteria. The structure of scientific knowledge, its methods and forms. Scientific revolutions and change of types of rationality. Union of Philosophy and Medicine. Philosophical and methodological foundations of medicine. Philosophical and ethical problems in medicine (bioethics).
	Economy. Subject economics, its sections. Economic systems. Economic institutions. Macroeconomics. Demand. Individual and market demand. Sentence. market mechanism. The role of prices in the economy. Markets of interrelated goods and services. Firm. Accounting and economic costs and profits. Performance. Competition and market structure. Antimonopoly regulation. Labor market. Demand and supply of labor. Human capital. Income. Inequality and income redistribution. Functions and types of money. Inflation and its causes. GDP and GNP. CHNP. national income. Personal income. Aggregate supply and demand. macroeconomic equilibrium. Types and level of unemployment. Unemployment measures. The economic growth. growth models. Economic cycles. fiscal policy. The main items of income and expenditure of the state budget. Banking system. International economics. Development of economic science. Basics applied economics. Entrepreneurship. Types of enterprises. Kinds valuable papers. Fundamentals of accounting. Evaluation of results economic activity. The concept of bankruptcy. Fundamentals of Marketing. Types of advertising. Taxes. Tax system. financial institutions. The mechanism of action of stock exchanges, insurance and investment companies. Fundamentals of consumer knowledge. Transition economy. Characteristics and structure of the Russian economy.


	Bioethics Moral and ethical standards, rules and principles of professional medical behavior. Rights of the patient and physician. Ethical foundations of modern medical legislation. Application of ethical principles when using new biomedical technologies.
	History of medicine and pharmacy. The impact of the environment on human health, research effective means treatment and prevention, diagnostics, relationship between doctor and patient, doctor's place in society; picture of medical systems and medical schools; doctrine of a healthy lifestyle. Folk and traditional medicine. Magical and demonological medicine. Medical education. The first medical institutions. Influence of world religions on medicine. Outstanding figures of medicine and pharmacy. Outstanding medical discoveries, The impact of humanistic ideas on medicine. Impact of the scientific revolution and technical program for the development of medicine. Features of the national history of medicine. Problems of medical ethics and deontology in the history of domestic medicine and at the present stage.
	Latin language and the basics of terminology.
	Disciplines and courses at the choice of the student, established by the university:

	Natural-science, mathematical and medical-biological disciplines
	Federal component:
	Maths. Mathematical methods for solving intellectual problems and their application in medicine.
	Informatics. Theoretical foundations of informatics. Collection, storage, search, processing, transformation, dissemination of information in medical and biological systems. The use of computers in health care.
	Basic laws of physics. Physical phenomena and processes. Physical bases of functioning of the medical equipment. Device and purpose of medical equipment.
	Chemistry: general and bioorganic. The chemical nature of substances. Chemical phenomena and processes. Basic laws and concepts. Chemistry and medicine.
	Biology.
	Biomedical disciplines
	biological chemistry . The chemical nature of substances and chemical phenomena and processes in the body. Clinical biochemistry.
	Human anatomy. The structure of the human body in relation to the function and topography of systems and organs. Development and individual characteristics .
	Histology, embryology, cytology. The main patterns of development and life of the body based on the structural organization of cells, tissues and organs. Histofunctional features of tissue elements. Methods of their research.
	normal physiology. Functional systems of the human body, their regulation and self-regulation under the influence of the external environment. Patterns of functioning of individual organs and systems
	Microbiology, virology, immunology. Classification, morphology and physiology of microorganisms and their identification. The role and properties of microorganisms. Distribution and impact on human health. Methods of microbiological diagnostics. The use of basic antibacterial, antiviral and biological drugs.
	Pharmacology. Classification and main characteristics medicines. Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. Indications and contraindications for the use of drugs, use and side effects.
	Pathological anatomy. Structural bases of diseases and pathological processes. Morphological changes in organs and tissues in pathological processes .
	Pathophysiology. Causes, main mechanisms of development and outcomes of typical pathological processes. Patterns of violations of the functions of organs and systems.
	National-regional (university component):	up to 15% of the total cycle volume
	Professional disciplines
	Federal component:
	Medical and preventive disciplines
	General hygiene. Hygiene as a preventive branch of medicine. The unity of the organism and the human environment. Factors of the human environment - physical, chemical, biological and social. Natural and anthropogenic factors. Patterns of interaction between the organism and environmental factors. Theoretical foundations and principles of hygienic regulation of the impact of environmental factors on the body. Methodology and modern methods hygiene research. Hygiene and ecology. Fundamentals of interaction in creating and controlling a healthy environment human habitation.
	Public health and health . The system of state guarantees in the field of public health protection, social and health insurance. The system of healthcare and medical care in Russia and abroad. Primary health care for the population. State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of Russia, its organizational structure, management, main functions and principles of organization of activities, resources, scientific support for sanitary and epidemiological welfare. Analysis of the activities of institutions of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service. Accounting and reporting. State statistics. Interaction of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service with state authorities and administrations, enterprises and organizations, health authorities and institutions in the field of ensuring sanitary and epidemiological well-being. Legislation on the protection of the health of citizens, sanitary, environmental legislation of the Russian Federation, the legal basis for the activities of specialists of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service. Sanitary offenses and administrative measures for their commission. Socio-hygienic monitoring of the state of sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population, public health in connection with the influence of environmental factors of a person. Methodology and methods of systemic multivariate analysis of population morbidity, medical, demographic and other indicators characterizing the state of health and the human environment. Analysis and evaluation of the effectiveness of ongoing measures to prevent diseases in the population. Role, place of task and functions of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service in the system of primary health care .
	General epidemiology. Basic concepts of general pathology in relation to the population level. Causes, conditions and risk factors for the incidence of infectious and non-infectious diseases in the population. Mechanisms for the development of the epidemiological process, indicators of the state of public health and sanitary and epidemiological well-being. Methods for identifying cause-and-effect relationships between the state of health of the population and the factors that determine it. Fundamentals of prevention of infectious and noncommunicable diseases. Disinfection , sterilization, disinsection and deratization.
	National-regional (university component):	up to 15% of the total cycle volume
	Clinical disciplines Collection and analysis of information about the patient's health status, training in a professional algorithm for solving practical problems of diagnosis, treatment of patients and disease prevention, skills of professional medical behavior. Maintaining medical records.
infectious diseases.
Clinical pharmacology.
Dermatovenereology.
Therapeutic exercise and medical control.
Radiation therapy, radiation diagnostics.
Sectional course.
Neurology, neurosurgery.
Medical genetics.
Otorhinolaryngology.
Ophthalmology.
Psychiatry and narcology.
Forensic Medicine.
Extreme and military medicine.

Obstetrics and gynecology.
Pediatrics.


General patient care.
Propaedeutics of internal diseases.
Internal diseases, general physiotherapy, VPT.
Endocrinology.
Occupational diseases.
Phthisiopulmonology.
polyclinic therapy.
Surgery:
General patient care.
General surgery, anesthesiology.
Resuscitation and intensive care.
Operative surgery and topographic anatomy.
Surgical diseases.
Dentistry.
Traumatology and orthopedics. VPH.
Urology.
Oncology.
National-regional (university component):		up to 15% of the total cycle volume
	Specialty disciplines
	Epidemiology and military epidemiology.
	Communal hygiene . Influence of environmental factors on human health and living conditions in populated areas. The morbidity of the population, due to the influence of factors of the natural and man-made environment, social and living conditions. Hygiene and sanitary protection of atmospheric air, water bodies and soil. Hygiene of household and drinking water supply. Hygiene of residential buildings and medical institutions. Fundamentals of hygiene planning of populated areas. Goals, objectives, content and methods of state sanitary and epidemiological supervision at the facilities of housing and communal services and the social and domestic sphere.
	Food hygiene. Nutrition of a healthy and sick person, the impact of nutrition on the health and working capacity of the population, alimentary prevention of diseases. Biomedical quality indicators food products. Sanitary and hygienic control nutritional value and food safety. Therapeutic and therapeutic-prophylactic nutrition.
	Labor hygiene. The interaction of the environment and the organism under conditions production activities. Evaluation and forecasting of the effect of harmful factors of the labor process and the production environment on the state of working capacity, general and occupational morbidity. The main directions of prevention of adverse effects of occupational factors on human health. Goals , tasks and methods of organizing state sanitary and epidemiological supervision in the field of occupational health.
	Hygiene of children and adolescents. The impact of environmental factors on the health of children and adolescents. Assessment of health status, morbidity and physical development children and adolescents due to the influence of environmental factors. Sanitary and hygienic control of living conditions, education, household items of children and adolescents, development and implementation of recreational activities.
	Radiation hygiene. The impact of the radiation factor on the health of the population. Evaluation and prediction of the effect of the radiation factor on the body of those working at radiological facilities. Sanitary and dosimetric control and the main directions of a set of measures to organize the radiation safety of workers and the entire population.
	National-regional (university component):	up to 15% of the total cycle volume
	Disciplines and courses at the choice of the student, established by the university:
	Total hours of theoretical training:
	Practices:

5. TERMS OF MASTERING THE BASIC EDUCATIONAL

GRADUATE PROGRAMS

BY SPECIALTY

5.1. Term of mastering the main educational program

training of a Physician in full-time education is

304 weeks including:

Theoretical training, including student research work, workshops, including laboratory, as well as examination sessions	218 weeks
Practices: Educational - in all clinical, medical and preventive disciplines up to25% Production )	18 weeks
Final state	4 weeks
Holidays: (including 4(8* ) weeks of postgraduate leave)*	less than 41 (46) a week

5.2. For persons with secondary (complete) general education, the terms for mastering the main educational program for the training of a sanitary doctor -

6 years, full-time part-time (evening) form of education -6,5 years.

5.3. The maximum volume (total labor intensity) of the student's workload is set

54 hours a week, including all types of his classroom and extracurricular(independent) study work.

5.4. The volume of classroom studies of a student in full-time education should not exceed the average for the period of theoretical education

36 hours per week. At the same time, the specified volume does not include classes in optional disciplines.

When forming the main educational program, the university is obliged to allocate

for class sessions with students

2/3 the amount of time of the total labor intensity;

for laboratory, workshops- at least

30% from classroom time.

Independent work of students in the study of all disciplines of this educational program should be at least

1/3 the amount of time of the total labor input.

5.5. In case of part-time (evening) form of education, the volume of classroom lessons should be at least

20 hours per week.

5.7. The total amount of vacation time in academic year should be

6-11 weeks, including at least two weeks in winter one. 6. REQUIREMENTS FOR DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION CONDITIONS

BASIC EDUCATIONAL TRAINING PROGRAM

GRADUATE IN THE SPECIALTY
040300 – Medical and preventive work 6.1. Requirements for the development of basic educational

Physician training programs

6.1.1. Higher educational institution independently develops and approves the main educational program of the university for the preparation of a Doctor on the basis of this state educational standard.

Disciplines of the student's choice are mandatory, and optional disciplines provided for curriculum institution of higher education are not mandatory for the student to study.

Course papers (projects) are considered as a type of academic work in the discipline and are performed within the hours allotted for its study.

For all disciplines and practices included in the curriculum of a higher educational institution, a final grade should be given (excellent, good, satisfactory, unsatisfactory or passed, not passed).

6.1.2. When implementing the main educational program, a higher educational institution has the right to:

change the amount of hours allocated for the development of educational material for cycles of disciplines, within

15%;

To form a cycle of humanitarian and socio-economic disciplines, which should include the following 4 disciplines as mandatory from the eleven basic disciplines given in this state educational standard: foreign

language (at least 340 hours), physical culture (at least 408 hours), philosophy, national history. The rest of the basic disciplines can be implemented at the discretion of the university. The UMO recommends that disciplines such as psychology and pedagogy, jurisprudence, bioethics, the history of medicine, the Latin language and the basics of terminology should also be included as compulsory. At the same time, it is possible to combine them into interdisciplinary courses while maintaining the mandatory minimum content. If the disciplines are part of general professional or special training (for humanitarian and socio-economic areas of training (specialties), the hours allocated for their study can be redistributed within the cycle;

to carry out the teaching of humanitarian and socio-economic disciplines in the form of author's lecture courses and various types of collective and individual practical classes, assignments and seminars according to the programs,

developed at the university itself and taking into account regional, national-ethnic, professional specifics, as well as the research preferences of teachers, providing qualified coverage of the subjects of the disciplines of the cycle;

establish the required level of teaching of individual sections of disciplines included in the cycles of humanitarian and socio-economic, natural science disciplines;

provide for classes in the discipline "Physical Education" in full-time-correspondence (evening) form of education, taking into account the wishes of the student;

to carry out in medical and pharmaceutical universities the teaching of anatomy, physiology, physiotherapy exercises and medical control, provided for in the program "Physical Education" for students of universities of the Russian Federation, only at specialized departments.

6.2. Requirements for staffing the educational process

The implementation of the main educational program for the training of a graduate should be provided by teaching staff with a basic education corresponding to the profile of the discipline taught, and systematically engaged in scientific and / or scientific and methodological activities (at least 3 years); teachers in all biomedical, clinical and specialty disciplines, as a rule, must have an academic degree (at least 60% candidates and 10% -doctors of science) and experience in the relevant professional field (at least 3 years).

Persons to whom it is prohibited by a court verdict or medical contraindications are not allowed to pedagogical activity in the field of medical and pharmaceutical profile.

6.3. Requirements for educational and methodological support of the educational process

The implementation of the main educational program for the training of a graduate should be ensured by each student's access to library funds and databases, the content corresponding to the full list of disciplines of the main educational program, the availability teaching aids and recommendations for all disciplines and for all types of classes - workshops, course design, practices, as well as visual aids, multimedia, audio, video materials.

The following disciplines should be provided with laboratory workshops: physics, medical equipment, mathematics, computer science, general chemistry, bioorganic chemistry, biology with ecology, biological chemistry, human anatomy, histology, embryology, cytology, normal physiology, microbiology, virology, immunology, pharmacology, pathological anatomy , pathophysiology, hygiene, military hygiene, public health and health, epidemiology, military epidemiology, communal hygiene, hygiene of children and adolescents, food hygiene, radiation hygiene, occupational health.

Practical classes should be provided and provided for in the study of disciplines: physical education, foreign language, Latin and the basics of terminology, physics, medical equipment, mathematics, computer science, computer science.

Clinical practical training should be provided and provided for in the study of all clinical disciplines, epidemiology, military epidemiology, communal hygiene, hygiene of children and adolescents, food hygiene, radiation hygiene, occupational health.

The library fund should contain the following journals (2 sets each):

obstetrics and gynecology

Allergology

Anesthesiology and resuscitation

Antibiotics and chemotherapy

Pathology Archive

Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine

Bulletin of regulations

Bulletin of radiology and radiology

Bulletin of Surgery. I.I. Grekov

Military Medical Journal

Questions of virology

Issues of balneology, physiotherapy and exercise therapy

Issues of medicinal chemistry

Issues of biological, medical and pharmaceutical chemistry

Nutrition Issues

Higher education in Russia

Hematology and transfusiology

Hygiene and sanitation

Journal of Higher Nervous Activity

Journal of Microbiology, Epidemiology and Immunology

Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry

Healthcare of the Russian Federation

Immunology

Immunology. Allergology

Sexually transmitted infections

Cardiology

Clinical gerontology

Clinical and laboratory diagnostics

Clinical medicine

Clinical pharmacology and therapy

Medical and social expertise

Occupational and industrial medicine

medical newspaper

Medical Radiology

Medical equipment

Medical Gazette

International Medical Journal

Molecular genetics, microbiology and virology

Morphology

Nephrology

Oncology

Pathological physiology and experimental therapy

Pediatrics

Problems of hematology and blood transfusion

Problems of social hygiene and the history of medicine

Tuberculosis problems

Problems of endocrinology

Psychological journal

Pulmonology

Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics

radiation biology

Russian Bulletin of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Coloproctology

Russian journal of skin and venereal diseases

Russian medical journal

Russian journal of oncology

Social and Clinical Psychiatry

Dentistry

Forensic-medical examination

Traumatology and Orthopedics

Therapeutic archive

Toxicological Bulletin

Ultrasound diagnostics

Urology

Advances in modern biology

Advances in the physiological sciences

Pharmacology. Toxicology

Pharmacy

Physiology and morphology

human physiology

Chemical Pharmaceutical Journal

Surgery. Journal them. N.I. Pirogov

Cytology

Experimental and clinical pharmacology

Endoscopic surgery

Epidemiology and infectious diseases

The provision of students with compulsory (with the stamp of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation) educational literature in each discipline of the state educational standard of the licensed specialty should be

– 0,5 copies, and the library fund - at least125 units per one full-time student. 6.4. Requirements for the material and technical support of the educational process.

A higher educational institution that implements the main educational program for the training of a graduate must have a material and technical base that meets the current sanitary and technical standards and provides for all types of laboratory, practical, clinical disciplinary, interdisciplinary training and research work of students provided for by the exemplary curriculum (the number of premises for the placement of departments is determined on the basis of at least 18 sq. m of educational and educational and laboratory premises per 1 student).

6.5. Requirements for the organization of practices
P about all clinical and medical-preventive disciplines up to25% hours are allotted for practical training in polyclinics and institutions of the sanitary and epidemiological service

2. Assistant ward and procedural nurse

- 4 weeks in the fourth semester.

3. Assistant ambulance paramedic -

4 weeks in the sixth semester.

4. Hospital doctor assistant -

6 weeks in the eighth semester.

5. Assistant doctor of emergency and emergency care -

4 weeks in the tenth semester.
Industrial practice after 2 courses
- studying the work of junior medical personnel and performing manipulations to care for patients.

Industrial practice after the 3rd course - studying the work of nursing staff and performing manipulations and procedures of nursing staff.

Industrial practice after the 4th course - the study of the work of a doctor in a hospital of a therapeutic, surgical and obstetric-gynecological profile.

The student should be able to: examine patients with the most common therapeutic, surgical and obstetric-gynecological diseases, evaluate the data of the examination and questioning of the patient, formulate a preliminary diagnosis, draw up an examination plan, give an immediate and long-term prognosis, recommendations for outpatient treatment, treat patients under the guidance of a doctor, correctly draw up medical documentation.

The student must be familiar with:

The procedure for issuing, storing, recording and prescribing medicines (especially potent, narcotic, expensive ones),

The work of the physiotherapy department, the technique of procedures,

The work of the pathoanatomical department,

Organization and implementation of anti-epidemic work.

Industrial practice after the 5th year - studying the work of a doctor at the Center for State Sanitary and Epidemiological Surveillance (TSGSEN).

Build skills:

Organizational and methodological work of the Central State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service (functional duties of officials, records of departments, samples of administrative and legal acts, a comprehensive work plan),

holding sanitary inspection municipal, industrial, food, children's objects, epidochags,

Drawing up acts of sanitary inspection, protocols on sanitary violations, maps of the object of current sanitary supervision, a map of the epidemiological survey of a case of an infectious disease, decisions on the imposition of a fine and the closure of facilities, conclusions on the allocation of a land plot for construction, conclusions on draft orders for focal disinfection,

calculation economic indicators when carrying out preventive, health-improving and anti-epidemiological measures,

Carrying out a hygienic assessment of environmental factors that determine the state of health of the population.

7. REQUIREMENTS FOR THE LEVEL OF PREPARATION OF THE GRADUATE

ON SPECIALTY 040300 - Medical and preventive work.

7.1. Professional qualification requirements.

A graduate must be able to solve problems that correspond to his qualifications specified in clause 1.3 of this state educational standard.

The graduate should be able to:

Conduct analysis and evaluate the activities of sanitary-epidemiological and treatment-and-prophylactic institutions;

Draw up an action plan for organizing medical and preventive care and protecting public health;

Draw up a plan and program for studying the state of health of the population and collect, summarize, process and analyze information on medical and demographic indicators, indicators of physical and mental development, morbidity, disability, analyze in dynamics the distribution by health groups on the basis of the current accounting system;

Compile and maintain medical records;

To assess the ranking value of individual classes, groups and nosological forms of diseases in terms of infant, age-specific and general mortality, as well as in terms of morbidity, including those with temporary disability and disability;

To assess the main indicators characterizing the state of health of the population;

To study the indicators of the physical and mental development of children and adolescents and evaluate their medical significance;

Conduct an operational assessment and analysis of the level, structure and dynamics of primary and general morbidity of the population and individual social age and sex groups;

Organize, together with other specialists, conducting sample surveys of various groups of the population, process and analyze the results obtained;

Conduct a hygienic assessment of environmental factors and labor activity that determine the state of health of the population;

Assess materials, substances, food raw materials, food and other products, their manufacturing technologies, as well as sources of ionizing radiation for compliance with sanitary rules;

Conduct an assessment of compliance with the sanitary rules of residential premises, operating conditions of industrial, public buildings and premises;

To carry out an assessment of compliance with sanitary rules for the planning and development of settlements;

Conduct an assessment of the organization and conditions of education, training and work of citizens;

Evaluate the results of preventive medical examinations of employees and students:

To assess the factors that determine the health status of various age and sex groups of the population, in connection with their lifestyle and hereditary characteristics, population and individual prevention;

Determine indicators characterizing the quality of health care in connection with the assessment of the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population;

Collect and analyze information about the patient's health status;

Conduct basic laboratory studies of patient materials and interpret their results;

Make a conclusion about the patient's health status, determine the risk factors for the occurrence of diseases;

Carry out diagnostics, provide emergency medical care to children and adults at the pre-hospital stage and determine the tactics of further medical care in case of emergency;

Own the algorithm for making a preliminary diagnosis with subsequent referral to a specialist doctor and choose treatment regimens;

Collect and analyze information on the prevalence and distribution of communicable and non-communicable diseases;

Assess indicators that characterize the state of health of the population in relation to environmental factors and living and working conditions, identify cause-and-effect relationships;

Assess the sanitary and epidemic situation, give a retrospective, operational and prognostic assessment of the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population and justify the necessary preventive measures;

Assess the economic damage caused to the health of the population by violations of sanitary and epidemiological norms and rules;

Evaluate economic efficiency health-improving, hygienic and anti-epidemic measures;

Carry out an examination of the corpse at the scene;

Carry out a forensic medical examination of the corpse with the execution of an autopsy protocol;

Collect information and organize it to solve professional tasks;

Be proficient in professional medical language and terminology;

Know a foreign language for professional communication (oral and written) and work with original literature in the specialty;

write prescriptions;

Solve professional problems using mathematical methods and work with computers;

Formulate the goals and objectives of hygienic education, choose the best forms of training with students, its implementation and control;

Promote a healthy lifestyle and lifestyle, the importance of exercise physical culture and sports for health;

Conduct scientific and practical work on the problems of medicine: formulate the goal, objectives of the study, a working hypothesis, compile a literature review, plan a study, collect factual material, statistically process and analyze it, draw conclusions and suggestions, lead a discussion;

Organize and carry out activities to protect the population and provide them with medical care in case of emergency.

7.2. Requirements for the final state certification of a specialist
.

7.2.1. The final certification tests are designed to determine the practical and theoretical readiness of a doctor to perform professional tasks established by this state educational standard, and continue education in internship, residency or postgraduate studies in theoretical areas of medicine. Certification tests, which are part of the final state certification of a graduate, must fully comply with the main educational program of higher professional education, which he mastered during his studies. The final state attestation of a Doctor includes a three-stage state exam.

7.2.2. Order of conduct,

main stages and certification program.

Stage I - practical training. The practical professional training of the graduate is evaluated.

It is carried out in the relevant sanitary and anti-epidemiological institutions of the healthcare system, which form the basis of the system of undergraduate training in the specialty 040300 Medical and preventive care.

The duration of the stage should enable the graduate to consistently fulfill all the necessary skills and abilities for professional activities.

Stage II - certification testing.

The test material covers the content of the humanities, mathematics, natural sciences, biomedical and professional disciplines. Are used different types test items to establish and evaluate various aspects of the logic of clinical thinking: comparison, comparison and opposition of medical data, analysis and synthesis of the proposed information, establishment of cause-and-effect relationships.

The composition of the test tasks of the final interdisciplinary exam is subject to annual updating in a single bank of interdisciplinary certification tasks approved by the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.

1Stage 11 - final interview.

Verification of the professional training of the graduate, i.e. the level of his competence in using the theoretical basis for solving professional situations. The interview is conducted on the basis of solving situational problems of a generalized nature - medical and preventive, sanitary and epidemiological, clinical, ethical and deontological, analysis of patients, etc. In this case, the degree of the graduate's ability to develop and implement optimal solutions to such situations based on the integration of the content of the disciplines included in the certification test is subject to assessment.

Compilers
:

Educational and Methodological Association of Medical and Pharmaceutical Universities

The state educational standard of higher professional education was approved at a meeting of the Educational and Methodological Council in the specialty 040300 Medical and preventive care (November 16, 1999 protocol No. 3)

Chairman of the Council of UMO __________________________________ Paltsev M.A.

Deputy Chairman of the Council of UMO ______________________Denisov I.N.

Head of the department of the UMO __________________________________________ Utkina T.B.

Agreed:

Head of the Department of Educational Medical Institutions and Personnel Policy of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation _________________________________ Volodin N.N.

Control educational programs and standards of higher and secondary vocational education of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation

Head of Department ____________________________________ Shestakov G.K.

Deputy Head of Department _________________________ Senashenko V.S.

Chief Specialist of the Department ____________________________ Senatorova N.R.

Choosing a profession is a very important matter. The fate, the content of each day, the realization of abilities and interests, the circle of friends depend on the decision. When making a choice, it is recommended to pay attention to professions related to medicine. They are suitable for those people who dream of devoting themselves to caring for other people, their health. Medical professions, list and overviews of all specialties is what we have to consider.

Professions that can be obtained at the university

Many people aspire to higher education. In medical universities, applicants are offered 9 specialties. This:

"Medicine".
"Pediatrics".
"Medical and preventive work".
"Dentistry".
"Pharmacy".
"Sisterhood".
"Medical Biochemistry".
"Medical Biophysics".
"Medical cybernetics".

In the first four specialties, the qualification of a doctor is awarded. At Pharmacy they become pharmacists, and at Nursing Business they become nurses. In the last specialties, the qualifications of a biochemist, a biophysicist and a cybernetics doctor are awarded. Let's take a closer look at the presented list of medical professions and specialties.

"Medicine" and "Pediatrics"

"Medicine" is the most versatile specialty. That is why there are always many applications for it in universities. People with this specialty can be engaged in treatment, diagnostics, prevention, carry out educational, organizational, managerial and research activities.

"Pediatrics" is a specialty, the essence of which is the treatment of children, the diagnosis and prevention of childhood diseases. Doctors monitor the development of babies, starting from birth, refer them, if any problems are identified, to specialists with highly specialized medical professions.

"Medical and preventive business" and "Dentistry"

At Dentistry, students study disciplines related to diseases of the oral mucosa, implantology, caries, etc. In the future, with this specialty, people become general dentists, orthopedists, and hygienists. They are engaged in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the oral cavity, eliminate caries, install implants, removable and non-removable prostheses, and perform disease prevention.

"Pharmacy" and "Nursing"

An interesting specialty is "Pharmacy". It is suitable for people who love chemistry and understand it. Pharmacy trains specialists who will continue to manufacture medicines, work in the research niche, develop new medicines, and study the effectiveness of drugs. After graduating in this specialty, many work in pharmacies - selling medicines, providing consulting services to visitors.

"Nursing" is an important specialty, a necessary profession. A nurse is required in all branches of medicine. This specialist takes care of sick people, follows the instructions of the doctor. After graduation, you can get a job in any clinic or hospital as an ordinary nurse. In the future, thanks to the presence of higher education, it will be possible to become a senior nurse.

Medical biochemistry, biophysics and cybernetics

The specialty "Medical Biochemistry" is associated with laboratory diagnostics, conducting biochemical, clinical, immunological and medical genetic studies. The direction "Medical Biophysics" involves working with modern medical equipment. Those people who enter here become radiologists, doctors of ultrasound diagnostics in the future.

"Medical cybernetics" is a young specialty. It combines different sciences: biology, physics, computer science, and medicine. People with this specialty can work with computer technology, use the latest equipment in examinations of sick people, troubleshoot devices. The future professions of students studying at the "Medical Cybernetics" are a cybernetician, a laboratory doctor for sound and radiation diagnostics, an immunologist, etc.

Medical contraindications to professions

Not all people can have professions related to medicine, because they have contraindications:

nervous and mental diseases;
severe diseases of hearing and vision;
skin and infectious diseases;
diseases of the musculoskeletal system;
impaired coordination of hand movements.

With serious diseases that pose a danger to others, it will not be possible to enter the above list of professions. A medical examination is what every applicant undergoes when entering any medical school. The results are submitted to the selection committee.

Features of obtaining medical specialties at the university

Our country has long switched to training specialists in a two-level system of education. However, medical universities decided not to abandon the traditions of Russian higher education. All specialties (except "Nursing") belong to the specialty. To become a doctor or pharmacist, it takes 5 to 6 years of full-time university education. "Nursing" refers to the undergraduate degree. The duration of training in this specialty is 4 years in the full-time department.

Correspondence education is allowed only in the direction of "Pharmacy" and "Nursing". The rest of the medical professions can be obtained only at the full-time department. The fact is that to learn how to treat sick people and carry out various medical manipulations it is possible only at the university, practicing all the skills on phantoms and mannequins, and in the hospital at the patient's bed during the internship.

Postgraduate education for doctors

In higher education, the duration of doctor's training is the longest. Students who study at non-medical universities receive the right to conduct activities after receiving a diploma. With medical specialties, things are completely different. A doctor's diploma does not give the right to conduct independent medical activities. To obtain it, future specialists undergo primary postgraduate specialization.

The following prospects for further education open up for graduates of medical universities:

acquisition of primary medical specialization in internship (after receiving a diploma) within 1 year;
acquisition of medical specialization with in-depth training in residency for 2 or 3 years;
conducting research activities in the field of theoretical biomedical sciences.

Acquisition of specialization in internship

In an internship, as mentioned above, primary medical specializations are acquired. These include: therapy, gynecology and obstetrics, surgery, infectious diseases, pediatrics, psychiatry, emergency health care and others. What can you become after an internship? For example, a university graduate, after completing his studies in the specialty "Medicine", having evaluated all medical professions, chose a surgeon. To become one, upon admission to the internship, you will need to choose the specialization "surgery".

After completing the internship, the graduate receives 2 documents: a certificate attached to the diploma, confirming the receipt of postgraduate education and a certificate of a specialist, which gives the right to independent medical practice.

Obtaining specialization in residency and postgraduate studies

Specializations that require advanced training include cardiology, hematology, clinical pharmacology, ultrasound diagnostics, pediatric oncology, surgical dentistry, etc. a neurosurgeon or an oncologist-surgeon.

After 2 or 3 years of residency training, the doctor also receives 2 documents: a certificate and a certificate. Thanks to them, you can work in the chosen specialization. Thus, the path to the profession of a narrow specialist in medicine can be 9 years. For people who are interested in a certain subject and science, the path to graduate school is open. The duration of training is 3 years. The purpose of postgraduate studies is to train highly qualified scientific personnel.

Secondary and primary medical education

Medical professions are obtained not only in universities, but also in colleges - schools, colleges. It trains mid-level specialists. These include:

paramedics;
obstetricians;
nurses;
assistant sanitary doctors;
epidemiologists;
medical laboratory assistants;
dental technicians;
pharmacists.

There is also the profession of "junior nurse". This is the initial professional medical education. Students of I-II courses begin to earn extra money as junior nurses. Their duties include changing linen on a sick person, his bed, feeding seriously ill patients, assisting in transportation.

In conclusion, it is worth noting that before entering a medical school in order to obtain any profession, it is worth evaluating your personal qualities. In future work, attentiveness, emotional stability, accuracy, observation, responsibility, compassion, conscientiousness are important.

The most common entrance exams are:

Russian language
Mathematics (basic level)
Chemistry - a profile subject, at the choice of the university
Biology - at the choice of the university
Physics - at the choice of the university
Foreign language - at the choice of the university

Human health is a priceless gift that must be preserved with young age and on long years. But few people think about the fact that it matters not only for the individual: it is a task on a nationwide scale. The health of the whole nation is made up of individual units. Specialty 32.05.01 Medical and preventive work is devoted to ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population.

The issue of the health of the nation depends on many factors. These are ecology, living and working conditions, food and rest. Modern medicine knows many ways to reduce the impact of negative phenomena on the human body. It offers effective measures to prevent common ailments. The set of measures to ensure sanitary and epidemiological safety also includes specific medical care.

Admission conditions

This course was created in order to educate specialists who will purposefully work to improve the health of the nation as a whole and provide assistance to individual citizens. You can get a specialty in medical universities in Moscow and Russia. What subjects will applicants have to take:

Chemistry (profile exam);
Russian language;
Mathematics/Biology/Physics;
Foreign language.

Future profession

The complex of disciplines mastered in the process of study allows you to become a generalist. The student gets acquainted closely with medical subjects, therefore, in the future he will be competent in matters of disease prevention, performing qualified diagnostics and providing adequate assistance in the treatment of ailments. The program also includes subjects that make the graduate a promising researcher, manager or teacher.

Where to apply

You can choose to study in the following educational institutions:

First Moscow State. honey. Sechenov University;
Northwestern state. honey. Mechnikov University;
Voronezh State honey. Academy named after Burdenko;
Kazan State honey. university;
Kursk State honey. university.

Training period

State regulations assume the full development of the program in six years.

Disciplines included in the course of study

The future doctor studies such important subjects in the process of study:

human anatomy and physiology;
internal illnesses;
occupational and nutritional hygiene;
infectious diseases;
medical psychology;
Emergency Medicine;
general hygiene;
public health;
pathological physiology;
propaedeutics of internal diseases;
nursing in therapy and surgery;
epidemiology.

Acquired Skills

Training allows you to fully master the following professional skills:

organization of measures for the prevention of diseases;
assessment of the state of the habitat;
organization of educational events;
diagnostics;
provision of medical care;
carrying out activities to educate the population in hygiene;
formation of motivation for positive thinking, a healthy lifestyle;
organizational activities: in medical institutions,
carrying out examinations;
teaching work;
performance of statistical observations and analysis of their results.

Employment prospects by profession

A graduate after mastering the specialist's program can work in areas that relate to the human environment, public health, scientific and technical areas of health care.

For example, you can apply for vacancies in the bodies of Roszdravnadzor, institutions that deal with consumer protection and human well-being. There is also work for specialists in this area in the centers of hygiene and epidemiology. Can be employed in medical institutions, centers that are focused on the fight and prevention of AIDS, HIV. Professionals are also in demand at enterprises of various forms of ownership, in sanatoriums and resorts.

Who do the graduates of the specialty work:

doctor for general hygiene and epidemiology;
radiation hygienist;
bacteriologist;
laboratory assistant

After graduation, a former student can count on a minimum rate of 10 thousand in domestic currency. Positions that involve a narrow specialization are promising.

Prospects for professional development

To expand the prospects in terms of self-realization, after graduation, it is worth enrolling in an internship. After that, the doctor receives a specialist certificate. The student will be able to choose different directions, ranging from general hygiene to healthcare organization. As a result, he will become a sought-after professional in the labor market. Alternatively, after the internship, you can choose the path of a scientist by enrolling in graduate school.